铁死亡是一种由铁依赖的磷脂过氧化驱动的调控性细胞死亡，自2012年提出以来在纳米医学领域引起了广泛关注。与其他调控性细胞死亡方式如凋亡和火凤凰相比，铁死亡在分子机制和细胞形态学方面具有许多独特的特点，代表着一种治疗对传统疗法具有抵抗力的癌症的有希望的策略。此外，最近的研究共同揭示了铁死亡与肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的紧密联系，暗示了铁死亡治疗在激发强效抗肿瘤免疫方面的潜力。从生化角度来看，铁死亡受多个细胞代谢途径的复杂调控，包括铁代谢、脂质代谢、氧化还原代谢等，凸显了揭示肿瘤代谢和铁死亡之间关系的重要性，以开发抗肿瘤疗法。在本综述中，我们全面讨论了铁死亡诱导机制的当前认识，并深入讨论了铁死亡与肿瘤各种代谢特征的关系，为通过纳米一体化方法直接抑制肿瘤提供了有希望的机会。从铁死亡对TIME的复杂影响衍生出来，我们还讨论了发展基于铁死亡的免疫疗法的重要考虑因素，突出了增强铁死亡促免疫效应并避免潜在副作用的挑战和策略。我们预计这项研究的结果将有助于铁死亡基于纳米医学的肿瘤治疗的开发和转化。

Ferroptosis, a type of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, has captured much attention in the field of nanomedicine since it was coined in 2012. Compared with other regulated cell death modes such as apoptosis and pyroptosis, ferroptosis has many distinct features in the molecular mechanisms and cellular morphology, representing a promising strategy for treating cancers that are resistant to conventional therapeutic modalities. Moreover, recent insights collectively reveal that ferroptosis is tightly connected to the maintenance of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), suggesting the potential application of ferroptosis therapies for evoking robust antitumor immunity. From a biochemical perspective, ferroptosis is intricately regulated by multiple cellular metabolic pathways, including iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, redox metabolism, etc., highlighting the importance to elucidate the relationship between tumor metabolism and ferroptosis for developing antitumor therapies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the current understanding of ferroptosis-inducing mechanisms and thoroughly discuss the relationship between ferroptosis and various metabolic traits of tumors, which offer promising opportunities for direct tumor inhibition through a nanointegrated approach. Extending from the complex impact of ferroptosis on TIME, we also discussed those important considerations in the development of ferroptosis-based immunotherapy, highlighting the challenges and strategies to enhance the ferroptosis-enabled immunostimulatory effects while avoiding potential side effects. We envision that the insights in this study may facilitate the development and translation of ferroptosis-based nanomedicines for tumor treatment.