免疫检查点抑制剂（Immune checkpoint inhibitor，ICI）疗法已经极大地改变了癌症治疗，为治愈恶性疾病开辟了新的机会。迄今为止，最常被靶向的免疫检查点是程序化细胞死亡蛋白1（Programmed cell death protein 1，PD-1）和细胞性毒性淋巴细胞相关抗原4（Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4，CTLA-4），其他很多也正在进行广泛的研究。然而，根据现有数据，只有少部分患者对ICI疗法会有反应。此外，该疗法可能会导致严重的免疫相关副作用，如腹泻、头痛、肌无力、皮疹、肝炎和白细胞减少症，尽管大多数都不会致命，但会影响患者的治疗结果和生活质量。另一方面，越来越多的证据表明，具有抗癌效果的植物化学物质可能与ICI疗法相结合，增强治疗癌症的安全性和有效性，同时减少不良副作用。在本综述中，我们总结了ICI与植物化学物质的各种实验和临床应用的最新进展，重点关注它们作为一种创新治疗策略来治愈癌症的联合应用。© 作者。

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has dramatically changed cancer treatment, opening novel opportunities to cure malignant diseases. To date, most prevalently targeted immune checkpoints are programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with many others being under extensive investigations. However, according to available data, only a fraction of patients may respond to ICI therapy. Additionally, this therapy may cause severe adverse immune-related side effects, such as diarrhea, headache, muscle weakness, rash, hepatitis and leucopenia, although most of them are not fatal, they can affect the patient's treatment outcome and quality of life. On the other hand, growing evidence has shown that phytochemicals with anticancer effects may combine ICI therapy to augment the safety and effectiveness of the treatment against cancer while reducing the adverse side effects. In this review, we summarize the state of art in the various experiments and clinical application of ICIs plus phytochemicals, with a focus on their combined use as a novel therapeutic strategy to cure cancer.© The author(s).