有机体是一类具有自我组织能力和原始组织特征的多细胞结构，它们是通过体外三维培养的干细胞生成的。有机体能够模拟原始组织的发生和进展，在近年来被广泛应用于疾病模型。肿瘤有机体保留原始肿瘤特征的能力使其在肿瘤发生和癌症治疗方面具有独特性。然而，有机体发展的历史和有机体技术在癌症治疗中的应用尚不明确。本文回顾了有机体发展的历史、肿瘤有机体建立的培养方法以及有机体在癌症研究中的应用，以更好地理解肿瘤发展过程并提供更好的癌症治疗策略。有机体培养的标准化促进了肿瘤有机体的大规模生产。此外，研究发现肿瘤有机体与免疫细胞、成纤维细胞和神经细胞等其他细胞的结合能更好地模拟肿瘤进展的微环境。这可能是肿瘤有机体未来发展的重要方向。 版权所有©2023 Jiang, Oyang, Peng, Liu, Xu, Wu, Tan, Yang, Han, Lin, Xia, Peng, Tang, Luo, Su, Shi, Zhou and Liao.

Organoids are a class of multicellular structures with the capability of self-organizing and the characteristic of original tissues, they are generated from stem cells in 3D culture in vitro. Organoids can mimic the occurrence and progression of original tissues and widely used in disease models in recent years. The ability of tumor organoids to retain characteristic of original tumors make them unique for tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. However, the history of organoid development and the application of organoid technology in cancer therapy are not well understood. In this paper, we reviewed the history of organoids development, the culture methods of tumor organoids establishing and the applications of organoids in cancer research for better understanding the process of tumor development and providing better strategies for cancer therapy. The standardization of organoids cultivation facilitated the large-scale production of tumor organoids. Moreover, it was found that combination of tumor organoids and other cells such as immune cells, fibroblasts and nervous cells would better mimic the microenvironment of tumor progression. This might be important developing directions for tumor organoids in the future.Copyright © 2023 Jiang, Oyang, Peng, Liu, Xu, Wu, Tan, Yang, Han, Lin, Xia, Peng, Tang, Luo, Su, Shi, Zhou and Liao.