生物样本库是一个组织，该组织收集、精细处理、保存并提供与相关临床数据一起可用于应用或临床研究的生物样本。生物样本库是个性化医学科学基础的关键组成部分；这意味着高质量的人类生物样本，如血液、组织和其他体液，以及与之相关的患者临床数据的可获取。本文总结了肿瘤学领域生物样本库的功能以及转化和临床研究中生物样本库建设的要求。生物样本库带来了许多伦理问题，政府机构通过制定特定的法律来解决这些问题。为了开发个性化医学，生物样本库是至关重要的，因为广泛收集带有详尽注释的患者样本和临床病理数据是必不可少的。此外，与生物样本库相关的数据涉及复杂的伦理、法律和社会问题，特别涉及保护捐赠者隐私和妥善使用收集样本。已经制定了国际标准来解决这些问题，以确保生物样本库实践的质量、安全和完整性。生物样本库在推动生物医学研究、支持临床应用和提高人类健康与疾病的理解方面至关重要。利用真实世界数据和生物样本库可以加快医学研究进展，支持个性化医学项目，并改善患者护理。

A biobank is an organization that gathers, refines, preserves and provides access to biospecimens along with relevant clinical data that can be used in applied or clinical research. Biobanking is a critical component of the scientific foundation for personalized medicine; this implies the accessibility of high-quality human biospecimens, such as blood, tissue, and other body fluids, along with the patient clinical data that goes with them.This paper summarizes the function of biobanks in oncology and the requirements for biobank development in translational and clinical research.Biobanks raise numerous ethical issues that government agencies address by enacting particular laws. To develop personalized medicine, biobanks are crucial, given that the availability of an extensive collection of patient samples with thoroughly annotated clinical and pathological data is an essential necessity. Also, data related to biobanking raises complex ethical, legal, and social issues, particularly concerning the protection of donor privacy and the appropriate use of collected samples. International standards have been developed to address these issues to ensure biobanking practices' quality, safety, and integrity.Biobanking is vital in advancing biomedical research, supporting clinical applications, and enhancing our understanding of human health and disease. Using real-world data and biobanking can accelerate medical research, support personalized medicine initiatives, and improve patient care.