炎症是免疫反应的生理机制，对于维持骨髓造血细胞小环境具有重要作用。在这一过程中，观察到先天免疫细胞产生的分子参与了对各种病原微生物相关分子模式和损伤相关分子模式的反应。然而，慢性炎症与白血病发生密切相关，因为它在造血干细胞中引起DNA损伤，并促成了白血病前克隆的形成。许多因素影响了造血小环境内的恶性转化，而炎症体在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用，除了在造血和其稳态调节中发挥作用外，还负责成熟和分泌促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-18，以及通过焦亡反应的细胞死亡过程。因此，这些复合体活化的失调可能是引发多种疾病，包括白血病的因素，并且这已成为该领域的研究课题。在本综述中，我们总结了目前有关炎症与白血病发生的关系的知识，特别是炎症体在不同类型白血病中的作用，同时描述了针对白血病环境中炎症体的潜在治疗靶点。版权所有 © 2023 Fabíola Silva Alves-Hanna等人。

Inflammation is a physiological mechanism of the immune response and has an important role in maintaining the hematopoietic cell niche in the bone marrow. During this process, the participation of molecules produced by innate immunity cells in response to a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns is observed. However, chronic inflammation is intrinsically associated with leukemogenesis, as it induces DNA damage in hematopoietic stem cells and contributes to the creation of the preleukemic clone. Several factors influence the malignant transformation within the hematopoietic microenvironment, with inflammasomes having a crucial role in this process, in addition to acting in the regulation of hematopoiesis and its homeostasis. Inflammasomes are intracellular multimeric complexes responsible for the maturation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 and the cell death process via pyroptosis. Therefore, dysregulation of the activation of these complexes may be a factor in triggering several diseases, including leukemias, and this has been the subject of several studies in the area. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the relationship between inflammation and leukemogenesis, in particular, the role of inflammasomes in different types of leukemias, and we describe the potential therapeutic targets directed at inflammasomes in the leukemic context.Copyright © 2023 Fabíola Silva Alves-Hanna et al.