本研究提出了一种绿色合成方法，利用石榴果皮提取物作为天然还原和稳定剂，制备氧化锌-银纳米颗粒（ZnO-Ag-NPs）。这种生态友好的方法为常规方法提供了可持续的替代方案，常规方法通常使用有毒或有害的化学品。然后，在体外评估了绿色合成纳米颗粒的抗菌和抗癌活性。X射线衍射证实了在较高pH值下，ZnO-Ag-NPs的结晶度逐渐增加。 ZnO-Ag-NPs与球形Ag-NPs聚集在一起。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）揭示了ZnO-Ag-NPs中从400-1到530 cm-1的宽带，相对于ZnO-NPs，其强度降低，表明Ag-NPs在ZnO-NPs表面形成。合成的ZnO-Ag-NPs对宽谱的细菌菌株，尤其是革兰阳性细菌表现出强烈的抗菌活性，其抑制活性优于ZnO-NPs。此外，ZnO-Ag-NPs对结直肠癌、肺癌和宫颈癌细胞显示出剂量依赖的抗增殖作用。ZnO-Ag-NPs在低浓度31.25 μg/mL下，对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制效果明显优于ZnO-NPs，ZnO-NPs则需要超过500 μg/mL的浓度，可能是由于存在银纳米颗粒（Ag-NPs）。这项研究的结果表明，绿色合成方法在癌症治疗以及其他生物医学应用中制备治疗性纳米材料的潜力。2023年版权所有 Mohamad Sukri, Shameli, Teow, Chew, Ooi, Lee-Kiun Soon, Ismail和Moeini.

This study presents a green synthesis approach for the fabrication of zinc oxide-silver nanoparticles (ZnO-Ag-NPs) using Punica granatum fruit peels extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. This eco-friendly method offers a sustainable alternative to conventional methods that often employ toxic or hazardous chemicals. Antibacterial and anti-cancer activities of the green synthesized nanoparticles were then assessed in vitro. X-ray diffraction confirmed the production of ZnO-Ag-NPs with increasing crystallinity in higher pH values. The ZnO-Ag-NPs were found to be agglomerated with spherical Ag-NPs. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed a broad band in ZnO-Ag-NPs ranging from 400-1 to 530 cm-1 with reduced intensity as compared to ZnO-NPs, indicating the formation of Ag-NPs on the surface of ZnO-NPs. The synthesized ZnO-Ag-NPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial strains, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, with superior inhibition activity compared to ZnO-NPs. Moreover, ZnO-Ag-NPs showed a dose-dependent anti-proliferative effect on colorectal-, lung-, and cervical cancer cells. ZnO-Ag-NPs showed significantly greater efficacy in inhibiting cancer cell growth at a lower concentration of 31.25 μg/mL, compared to ZnO-NPs which required over 500 μg/mL, possibly due to the presence of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The results obtained from this study demonstrate the potential of green synthesis approaches in the fabrication of therapeutic nanomaterials for cancer treatment, as well as other biomedical applications.Copyright © 2023 Mohamad Sukri, Shameli, Teow, Chew, Ooi, Lee-Kiun Soon, Ismail and Moeini.