目的：本研究旨在评估外泌体miRNA（miR-19a和miR-19b）以及PTEN基因在脑肿瘤患者与对照组中的诊断意义。方法：从400名脑肿瘤患者和400名健康对照组的血清样本中提取外泌体。采用扫描电子显微镜、动态光散射和酶联免疫吸附实验对外泌体进行表征。利用定量PCR分析选定的外泌体miRNA和基因表达水平。结果：分析显示，与对照组相比，患者中miR-19a（p < 0.0001）、miR-19b（p < 0.0001）和PTEN（p < 0.001）的表达显著异常。斯皮尔曼相关分析显示选定的外泌体miRNA和PTEN基因之间存在显著相关性。结论：接受操作特征曲线分析显示外泌体miRNA和PTEN基因对脑肿瘤患者具有良好的诊断价值。

Purpose: The current study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the exosomal miRNAs miR-19a and miR-19b and the PTEN gene in brain tumor patients versus controls. Methods: Exosomes were extracted from the serum samples of 400 brain tumor patients and 400 healthy controls. The exosomes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and ELISA. Quantitative PCR was used to analyze selected exosome miRNAs and gene expression levels. Results: Analysis showed significant deregulated expression of miR-19a (p < 0.0001), miR-19b (p < 0.0001) and PTEN (p < 0.001) in patients versus controls. Spearman correlation showed a significant correlation among the selected exosomal miRNAs and the PTEN gene. Conclusion: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the good diagnostic value of exosomal miRNAs and the PTEN gene in brain tumor patients.