本文描述了体育锻炼（PA）的维持框架及其在未来干预设计中的应用。通过系统文献综述和与27名患有癌症的个体进行的深入（N = 27）定性访谈，研究人员构建了长期体育锻炼行为的概念框架。列出了长期PA的决定因素，并将其与理论域框架的领域相连接，而后将理论域框架与相关行为改变技术（BCTs）相连接，并最终与拟议的行为机制相连接。在现有的不可改变的背景因素（如人口统计学和物质资源）的背景下，提出了一个关于技能、能力和自主动机的学习和调整性行为决定因素的概念框架，这些决定因素必须作为体育锻炼行为启动的一部分来建立。制定了一个包含8个参与癌症后长期PA的决定因素的清单。提出了可以通过中介分析在未来试验中进行测试的BCTs群集以及拟议的行为机制。了解癌症后PA维持的过程，并提出可实施和可测试的干预组分和行为机制，以促进持续的PA，可为未来干预的发展提供信息。对于那些正在开发未来干预措施的人来说，这个资源可以作为选择干预组分的起点。这将有助于有效支持受癌症影响的个人长期保持PA。©2023.作者。

This paper describes a conceptual framework of maintenance of physical activity (PA) and its application to future intervention design.Evidence from systematic literature reviews and in-depth (N = 27) qualitative interviews with individuals with cancer were used to develop a conceptual framework of long-term physical activity behaviour. Determinants of long-term PA were listed and linked with domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework which in turn were linked to associated behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and finally to proposed mechanisms of action (MoA).The conceptual framework is presented within the context of non-modifiable contextual factors (such as demographic and material resources) and in the presence of learnt and adapted behavioural determinants of skills, competence and autonomous motivation that must be established as part of the initiation of physical activity behaviour. An inventory of 8 determinants of engagement in long-term PA after cancer was developed. Clusters of BCTs are presented along with proposed MoA which can be tested using mediation analysis in future trials.Understanding the processes of PA maintenance after cancer and presentation of implementable and testable intervention components and mechanisms of action to promote continued PA can inform future intervention development.This resource can act as a starting point for selection of intervention components for those developing future interventions. This will facilitate effective support of individuals affected by cancer to maintain PA for the long term.© 2023. The Author(s).