经直肠超声引导活检（TRUS）被作为前列腺癌（PCa）的标准诊断工具，但存在一些限制，例如较高的癌症漏诊率。多参数磁共振成像（mpMRI）作为一种替代诊断工具正在兴起。PRECISE研究发现，MRI在活检之前进行的靶向活检能够更准确地识别临床意义重大的癌症，而不是TRUS活检。在安大略省2017年1月至2019年11月期间招募的PRECISE研究患者的健康资源使用情况、相关费用和活检后14天的住院情况与安大略省各种省级行政数据库相关联，这些数据库由临床评价科学研究所（ICES）提供支持。费用以2021年加拿大元呈现。总共纳入了281名男性患者，其中48.4%的患者在TRUS活检组，28.1%在MRI+组，23.5%在MRI-组。与TRUS活检组相比，TRUS活检后的14天内就诊于医院的患者有21人（15%），而MRI+组则未超过5人（6%）。TRUS和所有MRI组（MRI-和MRI+）的人均年度费用（PPPY）分别为7828美元和8525美元。TRUS活检组的患者与在活检前进行MRI的患者相比，更频繁地就诊于医院。这一经济分析表明，在活检之前进行MRI成像与费用显著增加无关。

Systematic transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy has been the standard diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa) but is subject to limitations, such as a high false-negative rate of cancer detection. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) prior to biopsy is emerging as an alternative diagnostic procedure for PCa. The PRECISE study found that MRI followed by a targeted biopsy was more accurately able to identify clinically significant cancer than TRUS biopsy.PRECISE study patients recruited in Ontario between January 2017 and November 2019 were linked to various Ontario provincial administrative databases available at the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences (ICES ) to determine health resources used, associated costs, and hospitalizations in the 14 days after biopsy. Costs are presented in 2021 CAD.A total of 281 males were included in this study, with 48.4% of the patients in the TRUS biopsy group, 28.1% in the MRI+, and 23.5% in the MRI- group. Twenty-one patients (15%) from the TRUS biopsy group were seen at a hospital in the 14 days after their biopsy compared to fewer than five patients (6%) from the MRI+ group. The mean per person per year (PPPY) costs for the TRUS and all MRI groups (MRI- and MRI+) were $7828 and $8525, respectively.Patients in the TRUS biopsy group experienced more hospital encounters compared to patients who received an MRI prior to their biopsy. This economic analysis suggests that MRI imaging prior to biopsy is not associated with a significant increase in costs.