背景：本研究旨在通过荟萃分析分析脑肿瘤患者术后肺部感染的风险因素，为其预防提供参考。方法：在PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Ovid以及四个中文数据库（CNKI、SinoMed、VIP和万方数据库）中搜索与脑肿瘤患者肺部感染风险因素相关的研究，时间限定为各数据库的起始日期至2022年12月31日。使用Newcastle-Ottawa量表评估证据质量。使用Revman 5.4软件进行对影响肺部感染发生率的因素的荟萃分析。结果：共选取了12项研究，包括35,615例脑肿瘤患者，其中肺部感染发生了1,635例，累计发生率为4.6%，涉及38个相关的风险因素。荟萃分析结果显示：慢性呼吸系统疾病史（比值比[OR]为5.74，95%置信区间[CI]为1.34-24.51，p=0.02）、糖尿病（OR为1.58，95% CI为1.29-1.95，p<0.0001）、心血管疾病史（OR为3.97，95% CI为2.18-7.24，p<0.00001）、年龄≥60岁（OR为1.55，95% CI为1.12-2.15，p=0.009）、手术时间≥3小时（OR为1.03，95% CI为1.00-1.05，p=0.03）、格拉斯哥昏迷评分<13分（OR为3.5，95% CI为1.90-6.46，p<0.0001）、美国麻醉学会分级（ASA）≥3级（OR为2.03，95% CI为1.68-2.46，p<0.00001）为独立风险因素。结论：慢性呼吸系统疾病史、糖尿病、心血管疾病史、年龄≥60岁、手术时间≥3小时、格拉斯哥昏迷评分<13分和ASA分级≥3级是脑肿瘤患者术后肺部感染的独立风险因素，护理人员应予以关注。

Background: This study aims to analyze the risk factors for post-operative pulmonary infection in patients with brain tumors by meta-analysis to provide a reference for its prevention. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid, and four Chinese databases (CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, and Wanfang databases) were searched for studies covering risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with brain tumors, limited to the duration from the dates of inception of the respective databases to December 31, 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the evidence. A meta-analysis of the factors affecting the incidence of pulmonary infection was performed using Revman 5.4 software. Results: Twelve studies were selected, covering 35,615 patients with brain tumors, among whom pulmonary infection occurred in 1,635 cases with an accumulated incidence of 4.6%, including 38 related risk factors. Meta-analysis results indicated: history of chronic pulmonary disease (odds ratio [OR], 5.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-24.51; p = 0.02], diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.29-1.95; p < 0.0001), history of cardiovascular disease (OR, 3.97; 95% CI, 2.18-7.24; p < 0.00001), age ≥60 years (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.12-2.15; p = 0.009)], operation time ≥3 hours (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; p = 0.03], Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score <13 (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.90-6.46; p < 0.0001), and the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA) ≥3 (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.68-2.46; p < 0.00001) as independent risk factors. Conclusions: History of chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, history of cardiovascular disease, age ≥60 years, operation time ≥3 hours, GCS score <13, and the ASA grade ≥3 are independent risk factors for post-operative pulmonary infection in patients with brain tumors, which nursing staff should be aware of.