已经证实，Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) 第二内含子的 rs2736100（A > C）多态性与肺癌（LC）风险密切相关，但关于其与LC相关性的研究结果尚无统一结论。本研究包括迄今为止关于TERT rs2736100多态性与LC相关性的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）和病例对照研究，以阐明不同人种和不同类型LC之间的相关性差异。通过互联网检索PubMed、EMbase、CENTRAL和MEDLINE数据库中于2022年5月7日之前发表的涉及'TERT rs2736100多态性与LC易感性'的相关文献，并提取数据。使用Revman5.3软件进行数据统计分析，包括绘制森林图和漏斗图等。在Stata 12.0软件中进行敏感性和发表偏倚分析。TERT rs2736100的C等位基因与LC风险相关（总体人群：[OR] = 1.21，95％CI [1.17，1.25]；白人：[OR] = 1.11，95％CI [1.06，1.17]；亚洲人：[OR] = 1.26，95％CI [1.21，1.30]），亚洲人群的LC风险高于白人（C vs. A：白人：[OR] = 1.11 / 亚洲人：[OR] = 1.26）。其他基因模型也显示出类似结果。LC患者的分层分析结果显示，C等位基因与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）和肺腺癌（LUAD）的风险相关，并且亚洲人群的NSCLC和LUAD风险高于白人。C等位基因与亚洲人的肺鳞状细胞癌（LUSC）和小细胞肺癌（SCLC）相关，但与白人无关。NSCLC患者（[OR] = 1.27）的相关性较SCLC患者（[OR] = 1.03）更强，LUAD患者（[OR] = 1.32）的相关性较LUSC患者（[OR] = 1.09）更强。此外，TERT rs2736100的C等位基因与吸烟组和非吸烟组中LC、NSCLC和LUAD的风险相关，不同人种群体中非吸烟者的LC风险高于吸烟者。在亚洲人群中，非吸烟女性更容易发展为LUAD。TERT rs2736100的C等位基因是不同人种群体中LC、NSCLC和LUAD的风险因素，而亚洲人群的风险更普遍。C等位基因是亚洲人群的LUSC和SCLC的风险因素，但对白人无关。吸烟不是导致TERT rs2736100变异增加大多数LC（NSCLC、LUAD）风险的最关键因素。因此，LC是由遗传、环境和生活方式因素的组合引起的多因素病。© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.

The rs2736100 (A > C) polymorphism of the second intron of Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) has been confirmed to be closely associated with the risk of Lung cancer (LC), but there is still no unified conclusion on the results of its association with LC. This study included Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and case-control studies reported so far on this association between TERT rs2736100 polymorphism and LC to clarify such a correlation with LC and the differences in it between different ethnicities and different types of LC. Relevant literatures published before May 7, 2022 on 'TERT rs2736100 polymorphism and LC susceptibility' in PubMed, EMbase, CENTRAL, MEDLINE databases were searched through the Internet, and data were extracted. Statistical analysis of data was performed in Revman5.3 software, including drawing forest diagrams, drawing funnel diagrams and so on. Sensitivity and publication bias analysis were performed in Stata 12.0 software. The C allele of TERT rs2736100 was associated with the risk of LC (Overall population: [OR] = 1.21, 95%CI [1.17, 1.25]; Caucasians: [OR] = 1.11, 95%CI [1.06, 1.17]; Asians: [OR] = 1.26, 95%CI [1.21, 1.30]), and Asians had a higher risk of LC than Caucasians (C vs. A: Caucasians: [OR] = 1.11 /Asians: [OR]) = 1.26). The other gene models also showed similar results. The results of stratified analysis of LC patients showed that the C allele was associated with the risk of Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and the risk of NSCLC and LUAD in Asians was higher than that in Caucasians. The C allele was associated with the risk of Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and Small cell lung carcinoma(SCLC) in Asians but not in Caucasians. NSCLC patients ([OR] = 1.27) had a stronger correlation than SCLC patients ([OR] = 1.03), and LUAD patients ([OR] = 1.32) had a stronger correlation than LUSC patients ([OR] = 1.09).In addition, the C allele of TERT rs2736100 was associated with the risk of LC, NSCLC and LUAD in both smoking groups and non-smoking groups, and the risk of LC in non-smokers of different ethnic groups was higher than that in smokers. In the Asians, non-smoking women were more at risk of developing LUAD. The C allele of TERT rs2736100 is a risk factor for LC, NSCLC, and LUAD in different ethnic groups, and the Asian population is at a more common risk. The C allele is a risk factor for LUSC and SCLC in Asians but not in Caucasians. And smoking is not the most critical factor that causes variation in TERT rs2736100 to increase the risk of most LC (NSCLC, LUAD). Therefore, LC is a multi-etiological disease caused by a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors.© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.