胃癌是全球重大的健康问题，是全球第五常见的癌症和第四常见的导致癌症相关死亡的原因。虽然细胞毒性化疗仍然是晚期胃癌的主要治疗方法，但其反应率有限。最近在胃癌分子信号传导方面取得的进展为潜在的治疗靶点提供了新的希望，这些靶点可能改善生存率和/或减少传统治疗的毒副作用。癌症通常在关键调控基因发生突变时开始，但恶性程度的进展通常依赖于非肿瘤细胞，它们为转化和进展创造了有利的环境。白介素33（IL-33）是一种双重活性细胞因子，也是一种核因子。IL-33通常存在于细胞核中。当组织受损时，它被释放到细胞外空间，并与其受体抑癌性素2（ST2）L结合，后者表达在靶细胞的细胞膜上。IL-33信号激活T辅助2（Th2）免疫应答以及其他反应。尽管关于IL-33在胃癌中作用的研究仍处于早期阶段，但已经揭示了其在癌症发展和进展中可能重要（尽管有时矛盾）的功能或角色。促肿瘤作用包括诱导和招募肿瘤相关免疫细胞，促进异型增生进展，以及诱导干细胞样和上皮-间质转化特性在胃癌细胞中。破坏这些功能的治疗干预可能为胃癌的预防和治疗提供独特的策略。本综述旨在总结IL-33在GC中的作用，陈述其与GC相关的多个功能，并展示有前景的治疗研究途径。 © 2023 Chatterjee等。

Gastric cancer is a significant global health problem as it is the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for advanced GC, response rates are limited. Recent progresses, focused on molecular signalling within gastric cancer, have ignited new hope for potential therapeutic targets that may improve survival and/or reduce the toxic effects of traditional therapies. Carcinomas are generally initiated when critical regulatory genes get mutated, but the progression to malignancy is usually supported by the non-neoplastic cells that create a conducive environment for transformation and progression to occur. Interleukin 33 (IL-33) functions as a dual activity cytokine as it is also a nuclear factor. IL-33 is usually present in the nuclei of the cells. Upon tissue damage, it is released into the extracellular space and binds to its receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) L, which is expressed on the membranes of the target cells. IL-33 signalling activates the T Helper 2 (Th2) immune response among other responses. Although the studies on the role of IL-33 in gastric cancer are still in the early stages, they have revealed potentially important (though sometimes conflicting) functions or roles in cancer development and progression. The pro-tumorigenic roles include induction and the recruitment of tumor-associated immune cells, promoting metaplasia progression, and inducing stem cell like and EMT properties in gastric cancer cells. Therapeutic interventions to disrupt these functions may provide a unique strategy for gastric cancer prevention and treatment. This review aims to provide a summary of the role of IL-33 in GC, state its multiple functions in relation to GC, and show potential avenues for promising therapeutic investigation.© 2023 Chatterjee et al.