严重的酒精性肝炎是酒精依赖患者中最致命的并发症。这些患者合并感染的情况非常频繁。二者均会产生全身性炎症反应综合征（SIRS），这是由于炎性细胞因子的强烈释放引起的，而这可能使诊断变得复杂。在我们的研究中，患有SIRS的患者的白细胞介素（Interleukin，IL）-6和IL-10水平较高（分别为p<0.001和p = 0.033）。IL-4、IL-6、干扰素γ（Interferon-gamma，IFNγ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（Tumor necrosis factor alpha，TNFα）和IL-17水平与肝功能（以MELD-Na衡量）相关（分别为p = 0.018、p = 0.008、p = 0.009、p = 0.016和p = 0.006）。丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）是脂质过氧化物的产物，也是细胞损伤的标志物，它与肝功能相关（p = 0.002），但与SIRS或感染无关。只有高水平的IL-6与感染的存在独立相关（RR=1.023 IC 95% 1.000-1.047），因此它可能对这些患者的正确诊断有所帮助。大于30 pg/mL的值对感染的诊断具有敏感性：86.7%和特异性：94.7%。版权所有© 2023作者。由Elsevier B.V.出版。保留所有权利。

Severe alcoholic hepatitis is the most lethal complication in alcohol dependent patients. The concurrence of infections in these patients is very frequent. Both produce a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), secondary to intense release of inflammatory cytokines, which can complicate the diagnosis. In our study, Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels are higher in patients with SIRS (p<0.001 and p = 0.033, respectively). IL-4, IL-6, Interferon-gamma (IFNγ), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and IL-17 levels correlate with liver function, as estimated by MELD-Na (p = 0.018, p = 0.008, p = 0.009, p = 0.016 and p = 0.006, respectively). Malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation and marker of cell damage, also correlates with liver function (p = 0.002), but not with SIRS or infections. Only elevated IL-6 correlates independently with the presence of infections (RR=1.023 IC 95% 1.000-1.047), so it may be useful for the correct diagnosis in these patients. Values greater than 30 pg/mL have a sensitivity: 86.7% and specificity: 94.7% for the diagnosis of infections.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.