目前的抗肿瘤单一疗法存在许多局限性，凸显了需要新型协同抗癌策略的需求。铁死亡（ferroptosis）是一种依赖铁离子的非凋亡性细胞死亡形式，在肿瘤发生和治疗中起着重要的调控作用。光动力疗法（photodynamic therapy，PDT）会对目标病变造成不可逆的化学损伤，广泛应用于抗肿瘤疗法。然而，PDT的有效性通常受到多种障碍的阻碍，如缺氧、多余的谷胱甘肽（glutathione，GSH）以及肿瘤耐药性。铁死亡通过增加氧气和反应性氧化物（reactive oxygen species，ROS）或降低GSH水平来提高PDT的抗癌效果，而PDT也由于肿瘤微环境（tumor microenvironment，TME）中的ROS效应而增强铁死亡的诱导。基于纳米颗粒（nanoparticles，NPs）的策略可以巧妙地利用铁死亡和PDT的潜在协同作用。本综述探讨了调控铁死亡和PDT的潜在机制以及纳米递送系统介导的协同抗癌活性的最新进展和当前挑战。这些纳米系统包括聚合物、仿生材料、金属有机框架（metal organic frameworks，MOFs）、无机材料和无载体纳米颗粒。最后，我们强调这一新兴范式在靶向癌症治疗中的未来展望。© 2023 Elsevier B.V.发表，由沈阳药科大学代表发表。

Current antitumor monotherapy has many limitations, highlighting the need for novel synergistic anticancer strategies. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death that plays a pivotal regulatory role in tumorigenesis and treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes irreversible chemical damage to target lesions and is widely used in antitumor therapy. However, PDT's effectiveness is usually hindered by several obstacles, such as hypoxia, excess glutathione (GSH), and tumor resistance. Ferroptosis improves the anticancer efficacy of PDT by increasing oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reducing GSH levels, and PDT also enhances ferroptosis induction due to the ROS effect in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Strategies based on nanoparticles (NPs) can subtly exploit the potential synergy of ferroptosis and PDT. This review explores recent advances and current challenges in the landscape of the underlying mechanisms regulating ferroptosis and PDT, as well as nano delivery system-mediated synergistic anticancer activity. These include polymers, biomimetic materials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), inorganics, and carrier-free NPs. Finally, we highlight future perspectives of this novel emerging paradigm in targeted cancer therapies.© 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.