免疫抑制性调节性T细胞（Tregs）是肿瘤免疫逃逸的主要机制。针对Tregs，尤其是在肿瘤微环境（TME）中的调节，一直在进行研究以改善癌症免疫治疗。最近的研究揭示了肿瘤内Treg的异质性和可塑性，进一步复杂化了Tregs在肿瘤免疫和免疫治疗反应中的作用。肿瘤内Tregs的表型和功能多样性可以影响它们对治疗的反应，并可能提供调节特定Treg亚群的新靶点。在本综述中，我们提供了关于TME中Treg异质性和可塑性的关键因素的统一框架，并讨论了如何利用这些信息来指导针对癌症免疫治疗的更具特异性的Treg靶向疗法的发展。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

Immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) provide a main mechanism of tumor immune evasion. Targeting Tregs, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME), continues to be investigated to improve cancer immunotherapy. Recent studies have unveiled intratumoral Treg heterogeneity and plasticity, furthering the complexity of the role of Tregs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy response. The phenotypic and functional diversity of intratumoral Tregs can impact their response to therapy and may offer new targets to modulate specific Treg subsets. In this review we provide a unifying framework of critical factors contributing to Treg heterogeneity and plasticity in the TME, and we discuss how this information can guide the development of more specific Treg-targeting therapies for cancer immunotherapy.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.