马立克病（MD）是鸡群中高度传染的病毒性肿瘤性疾病，由马立克病病毒（MDV）引起，对全球家禽业造成重大经济损失。常用的活疫苗和/或载体疫苗因制造和运输所需的液氮以及需冷冻的感染性细胞的要求而造价昂贵且难以处理。本研究旨在开发一种能够在4℃下冻干储存和运输的新城疫病毒（NDV）载体的马立克病病毒疫苗。通过逆向遗传技术生成了四种基于NDV LaSota（LS）疫苗株的MDV糖蛋白gB、gC、gE或gI表达重组病毒。生物学评估结果显示，这些重组病毒在体内略有减毒，但在体外与亲本LaSota病毒相比保持了类似的生长动力学和病毒滴度。通过鼻内和眼内途径对莱比鸡（Lines 15I5x71 F1杂交）进行疫苗接种后，对病毒性马立克病的不同程度保护。表达MDV gB蛋白的重组病毒rLS/MDV-gB，在疫苗接种后14天进行马立克病毒的挑战时能显著保护接种鸟类免受肿瘤形成，但在接种后5天保护效果中等。而其他三种重组病毒对马立克病的挑战提供了很少的保护。所有四种重组病毒对致病性NDV的挑战提供了完全的保护。这些结果表明，rLS/MDV-gB病毒是一种安全而有效的双重疫苗候选者，可以冻干，并可以通过气溶胶或饮用水以极低成本大规模接种鸡群。由Elsevier Ltd.发表。

Marek's disease (MD) is a highly contagious viral neoplastic disease of chickens caused by Marek's disease virus (MDV), resulting in significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The commonly used live and/or vectored MDV vaccines are expensive to produce and difficult to handle due to the requirement of liquid nitrogen for manufacturing and delivering frozen infected cells that are viable. In this study, we aimed to develop a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vectored MDV vaccine that can be lyophilized, stored, and transported at 4 °C. Four NDV LaSota (LS) vaccine strain-based recombinant viruses expressing MDV glycoproteins gB, gC, gE, or gI were generated using reverse genetics technology. The biological assessments showed that these recombinant viruses were slightly attenuated in vivo yet retained similar growth kinetics and virus titers in vitro compared to the parental LaSota virus. Vaccination of leghorn chickens (Lines 15I5x71 F1 cross) with these recombinant viruses via intranasal and intraocular routes conferred different levels of protection against virulent MDV challenge. The recombinant expressing the MDV gB protein, rLS/MDV-gB, protected vaccinated birds significantly against MDV-induced tumor formation when challenged at 14 days post-vaccination (DPV) but moderately at 5 DPV. Whereas the other three recombinants provided little protection against the MDV challenge. All four recombinants conferred complete protection against the velogenic NDV challenge. These results demonstrated that the rLS/MDV-gB virus is a safe and efficacious dual vaccine candidate that can be lyophilized and potentially mass-administered via aerosol or drinking water to large chicken populations at a meager cost.Published by Elsevier Ltd.