食管癌（EC）通常在晚期诊断，其死亡率仍然很高。患者通常因为非特异性症状而错过最佳治疗机会，存活率较低。N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是真核生物信使RNA（mRNA）中主要的修饰，它在许多生物过程中起着重要的作用。这种化学修饰是动态的、可逆的，由三个调节因子组成：m6A甲基转移酶（编码者）、去甲基化酶（擦除者）和m6A结合蛋白（读者）。最近的越来越多的证据表明m6A与EC之间存在关系。然而，对于m6A修饰在食管癌中的分子机制的认知不足。我们将重点研究m6A修饰在EC的肿瘤发生和发展中的生物学功能角色。最近的研究表明免疫疗法对EC有积极影响。m6A与EC中免疫疗法的关系值得进一步研究和讨论。我们还将讨论m6A修饰在EC的诊断、治疗和预后方面的潜在临床应用，并提供进一步研究的展望。© 2023. 作者。

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is always diagnosed at advanced stage and its the mortality rate remains high. The patients usually miss the best opportunity for treatment because of non-specific symptoms and the survival rates are low. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) the predominant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA(mRNA), serves vital roles in numerous bioprocess. This chemical modification is dynamic, reversible and consists of three regulators: m6A methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers) and m6A-binding proteins (readers). Recently, a growing number of evidences have indicated relationships between m6A and EC. Whereas, lacking of cognition about the molecular mechanism of m6A modification in esophageal carcinoma. We will focus on the biological function roles of m6A modification in the tumorigenesis and development of EC. Recent studies showed that immunotherapy had a positive impact on EC. The relationship between m6A and immunotherapy in EC deserves further research and discussion. We will also discuss the potential clinical applications regarding diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of m6A modification for EC and provide perspectives for further studies.© 2023. The Author(s).