全氟化合物（PFC）是生物相容性化合物，化学和生物上具有不活性，并且不具备作为氧载体的毒性。PFC纳米乳和纳米颗粒（NPs）广泛应用于诊断成像，并可在临床成像技术中实现新颖的成像技术，以观察和成像病理和生理改变。具有PFC的治疗方法，如用于预防血栓形成的创新方法，用于关节炎超声治疗传递的PFC纳米微滴，或者PFC基因纳米颗粒，如全氟三丁胺（PFTBA），五氟苯基（PFP），全氟己烷（PFH），全氟辛溴化物（PFOB）和其他物质，最近因其作为肿瘤组织缺氧的氧载体，促进抗癌治疗的效果而受到关注。在本综述中，我们将讨论在疗效评估和诊断的PFC应用方面取得的最近进展，同时评估这些应用的优缺点。版权所有© 2023 Kakaei, Amirian, Azadi, Mohammadi和Izadi。

Perfluorocarbon (PFC) are biocompatible compounds, chemically and biologically inert, and lacks toxicity as oxygen carriers. PFCs nanoemulsions and nanoparticles (NPs) are highly used in diagnostic imaging and enable novel imaging technology in clinical imaging modalities to notice and image pathological and physiological alterations. Therapeutics with PFCs such as the innovative approach to preventing thrombus formation, PFC nanodroplets utilized in ultrasonic medication delivery in arthritis, or PFC-based NPs such as Perfluortributylamine (PFTBA), Pentafluorophenyl (PFP), Perfluorohexan (PFH), Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB), and others, recently become renowned for oxygenating tumors and enhancing the effects of anticancer treatments as oxygen carriers for tumor hypoxia. In this review, we will discuss the recent advancements that have been made in PFC's applications in theranostic (therapeutics and diagnostics) as well as assess the benefits and drawbacks of these applications.Copyright © 2023 Kakaei, Amirian, Azadi, Mohammadi and Izadi.