尽管预防性抗恶心药物的使用，但接受颅骨切开手术的患者仍存在术后恶心和呕吐（PONV）的高风险。我们假设，在颅内肿瘤手术切开患者中，多模式抗恶心方案的一部分，术前单剂口服氨硫必利能降低PONV的发生率。选取普通麻醉需要选举颅骨切开手术成年患者，并随机分组，除机构常规抗恶心方案外，术前2小时接受口服氨硫必利25mg或安慰剂。研究的主要结果是术后24小时内出现恶心和/或呕吐的发生率。次要结果包括恶心的严重程度、抢救抗恶心药物的使用情况和治疗相关的不良事件。研究纳入了100名患者。与安慰剂组相比，氨硫必利组无恶心发作（90％vs. 40％， P<0.001），无呕吐发作（94％vs. 46％，P<0.001）的患者更多。氨硫必利组在手术后4小时内的恶心严重程度低于对照组（P<0.05），且需要救助抗恶心药物的患者较少（P<0.001）。两组之间的治疗相关不良事件发生率相似。作为多模式抗恶心方案的组成部分，术前单剂口服氨硫必利25mg降低了接受颅骨切开手术的颅内肿瘤患者PONV的发生率和严重程度，且无不良影响。版权所有 © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health，Inc. 保留所有权利。

Patients undergoing craniotomy are at high risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) despite the use of prophylactic antiemetics. We hypothesized that a single preoperative oral dose of amisulpride as part of a multimodal antiemetic regimen would decrease the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy for intracranial tumor surgery.Adult patients scheduled for elective craniotomy requiring general anesthesia were enrolled and randomized to receive either oral amisulpride 25 mg or placebo 2 hours before surgery in addition to our institution's usual antiemetic regimen. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included severity of nausea, use of rescue antiemetic medications, and treatment-related adverse events.A total of 100 patients were included in the analysis. More patients in the amisulpride group had no episodes of nausea (90% vs. 40%; P<0.001) and no episodes of vomiting (94% vs. 46%; P<0.001) compared with the placebo group. The severity of nausea was lower in the amisulpride group than in the control group in the first 4 hours after surgery (P<0.05), and fewer patients receiving amisulpride required rescue antiemetics (P<0.001). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar between groups.A single preoperative oral dose of amisulpride 25 mg as a component of a multimodal antiemetic regimen decreased the incidence and severity of PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy for intracranial tumor surgery, with no adverse effects.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.