本研究利用金纳米星（AuNSs）作为燃料核心，开发了一种近红外驱动的纳米火箭（NIDNR），其步伐非常快，可用于超敏感的miRNA检测。与传统纳米材料组成的纳米机器（NMs）相比，NIDNR由于具有局部表面等离子体（LSP）的额外光热驱动力，因此具有更好的动力学和热力学性能。令人印象深刻的是，NIDNR的整个反应时间只需15分钟，这几乎是传统基于DNA的NMs反应时间的8倍以上。通过这种方式，可以轻松解决传统NMs存在的反应时间长和低效的固有障碍。作为概念证明，成功应用NIDNR开发了一种电化学生物传感平台，用于快速敏感地检测miRNA，其LOD低至2.95 aM，并实现了针对人肝癌细胞（MHCC97L）和HeLa的真实生物样品的实时检测，从而为设计更多用于生物传感平台构建和临床样品检测的多功能DNA纳米机器提供了创新的见解。

Herein, by introducing gold nanostars (AuNSs) as fuel core, a near-infrared-driven nanorocket (NIDNR) with pretty fast walking was exploited for ultrasensitive miRNA detection. Compared with traditional nanomaterials-comprised nanomachines (NMs), the NIDNR possesses much better kinetic and thermodynamic performance owing to the extra photothermal driving force from localized surface plasmon (LSP). Impressively, the whole reaction time of NIDNR down to 15 min was realized, which is almost more than 8 times beyond those of conventional DNA-based NMs. This way, the inherent obstacle of traditional NMs, including long reaction time and low efficiency, could be easily addressed. As a proof of concept, the NIDNR was successfully applied to develop an electrochemical biosensing platform for rapid and sensitive detection of miRNA with an LOD down to 2.95 aM and achieved the real-time assay of real biological samples from human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (MHCC97L) and HeLa, thus providing an innovative insight to design more versatile DNA nanomachines for ultimate application in biosensing platform construction and clinical sample detection.