长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）与人类消化道癌症的发生和发展密切相关。首先，lncRNA通过靶向和调节下游癌基因的表达，影响癌细胞的生长、转移、凋亡、代谢和免疫逃逸；高表达于癌细胞中的LUCAT1产生典型作用。其次，lncRNA被认为是癌症脂质代谢的重要调控因子，与脂肪生成信号途径有关，参与了消化道癌症的发生和发展。例如，HULC可以通过miR-9/PPARα/ACSL1/胆固醇/RXRA信号轴调节脂质代谢，从而引发肝癌。lncRNA在消化道癌症的诊断和治疗中具有一定的应用价值；例如，已有报道将lncRNA MALAT1作为肝细胞癌的诊断和治疗靶点。本文对lncRNA在消化道癌症中调节作用的研究进展进行综述，为消化道癌症的预防和治疗研究以及临床应用提供参考。

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is crossly related to the occurrence and development of digestive tract cancer in human. Firstly, lncRNA targets and regulates the expression of downstream cancer genes to affect the growth, metastasis, apoptosis, metabolism and immune escape of cancer cells; the effects of LUCAT1, which is highly expressed in cancer cells, is a typical example. Secondly, lncRNA is considered to be an important regulating factor for lipid metabolism in cancer, which is related to signaling pathways of adipogenesis and involved in the occurrence and development of digestive tract cancer. For example, HULC can regulate lipid metabolism through miR-9/PPARα/ACSL1/cholesterol/RXRA signaling axis, resulting in liver cancer. lncRNA has certain application value in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract cancer; for example, lncRNA MALAT1 has been reported as a target for diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. This article reviews current progress on the regulatory role of lncRNA in digestive tract cancer, to provide a reference for the research and clinical application in the prevention and treatment of digestive tract cancer.