营养仍然是癌症手术前优化的关键重点。鉴于癌症的分解性质以及手术的生理冲击，当评估时，营养不良在相当比例的患者中普遍存在。因此，对减轻其不良影响的干预措施的强有力研究至关重要。 作为单模式的术前预驯化干预措施，评估营养不良是第一步，因为普遍补充并未显示出对结果产生显著影响。然而，有研究显示靶向营养治疗，无论是管饲还是肠外营养，对于改善病人术前的营养状态、降低术后并发症如医院感染的发生率具有益处。作为多模式预驯化的一部分，由于难以将效果归因于不同组分，并且干预和病人特征存在巨大的异质性，情况更加复杂。 多模式预驯化已被证明能提高住院时间和术后结果，其中营养疗法占据重要部分。进一步的工作需要研究营养状况优化与其他预驯化干预之间的相互作用，以及如何最佳选择能获得明显益处的患者。 Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Nutrition remains a key focus in the preoptimization of patients undergoing cancer surgery. Given the catabolic nature of cancer, coupled with the physiological insult of surgery, malnutrition (when assessed) is prevalent in a significant proportion of patients. Therefore, robust research on interventions to attenuate the detrimental impact of this is crucial.As a unimodal prehabilitation intervention, assessment for malnutrition is the first step, as universal supplementation has not been shown to have a significant impact on outcomes. However, targeted nutritional therapy, whether that is enteral or parenteral, has been shown to improve the nutritional state of patients' presurgery, potentially reducing the rate of postoperative complications such as nosocomial infections. As part of multimodal prehabilitation, the situation is more nuanced given the difficulty in attribution of effects to the differing components, and vast heterogeneity in intervention and patient profiles.Multimodal prehabilitation is proven to improve length of hospital stay and postoperative outcomes, with nutrition forming a significant part of the therapy given. Further work is required to look at not only the interplay between the optimization of nutritional status and other prehabilitation interventions, but also how to best select which patients will achieve significant benefit.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.