血液系统恶性肿瘤（HM）幸存患者患有心血管疾病是一个巨大的负担。然而，肺动脉高压（PH）对HM患者的临床结果的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估HM患者PH的预后潜力，并探讨相关的临床决定因素。该回顾性研究纳入了220例患有HM和PH的患者以及220例无PH的对照组，根据年龄、性别、诊断年份和疾病类型进行了病例配对队列分析。比较了患有HM的患者与无PH的患者的基线特征和总生存期（OS）。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和log-rank检验分析了累积总生存期。进行了多变量Cox比例风险模型以确定OS的预测因子。在HM患者中发现11.98%（302/2520）患有PH。PH组的血红蛋白、血小板、白蛋白、纤维蛋白原和B细胞计数水平较低，而乳酸脱氢酶、N末端前B型利钠肽、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原降解产物和C-反应蛋白的水平较高。此外，PH组患有房颤的患者比例较高。生存分析表明，PH组的OS较非PH组较差（16.9个月对37.6个月，p = 0.002）。进一步的亚组分析表明，重度PH组的预后最差，其次是中度和轻度PH组（8.7个月对14.7个月对23.7个月，p < 0.001）。多变量分析显示，PH是不利临床结果的独立预测因子。HM患者合并PH与不良临床结果相关，严重PH组的预后最差。该研究可能为HM患者提供额外的风险分层。© 2023年，作者在Springer Healthcare Ltd.排他许可下发表，属于Springer Nature的一部分。

Cardiovascular diseases present a great burden for survivors of hematologic malignancy (HM). However, the effect of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on the clinical outcome of patients with HM remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic potential of PH in patients with HM and explore the related clinical determinants.This retrospective study included 220 patients with HM and PH and 220 controls without PH, the case-matching cohort analysis was performed based on age, sex, the year of diagnosis and disease type. The baseline characteristics and overall survival (OS) of the patients with HM with or without PH were compared. The cumulative overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to identify the predictors of OS.PH was found in 11.98% (302/2520) of the patients with HM. The PH group had lower levels of hemoglobin, platelet, albumin, fibrinogen and B cell count; whereas the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation products and C-reactive protein were higher. Additionally, the PH group had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation. Survival analysis revealed that the PH group had an inferior OS compared to the non-PH group (16.9 vs. 37.6 months, p = 0.002). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the severe PH group had the worst OS, followed by the moderate and the mild PH groups (8.7 vs. 14.7 vs. 23.7 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that PH was an independent predictor for unfavorable clinical outcomes.Coexisting PH was associated with inferior clinical outcomes in patients with HM, and the severe PH group had the worst prognosis. The study may provide additional risk stratification for patients with HM.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Healthcare Ltd., part of Springer Nature.