贫血是癌症及其治疗常见的并发症，显著影响了癌症患者的生存率和生活质量。然而，在沙特阿拉伯南部地区，目前对其影响的研究有限。本研究旨在评估正在接受主动化疗治疗的癌症患者中贫血的患病率及其相关因素。本回顾性研究分析了2017年至2022年间在沙特阿拉伯纳杰兰市哈利德国王医院肿瘤科接受化疗的成年癌症患者。我们通过全面的人口统计学和临床评估，旨在确定贫血的患病率和影响因素。进行了单变量分析，以评估需要输血的因素。 共有95名癌症患者接受了化疗，平均年龄为52.2±16.5岁。大多数为女性（65.3%），年龄在18至64岁之间（74.7%）。胃肠道癌（42.1%）和乳腺癌（17.9%）是最常见的恶性肿瘤。大多数患者（56.8%）处于局部晚期。入院时有48名（50.5%）患者患有贫血，结直肠和泌尿系统肿瘤患者的贫血患病率更高。治疗过程中血红蛋白（Hb）的平均下降值为9.1±2.1 g/dL。贫血严重程度分为以下几种：危及生命（7.4%），严重（33%），中度（31%）和轻度（29%）。79%的病例需要输血。年龄较大、化疗周期增加以及慢性病相关贫血（ACD）与贫血严重程度增加显著相关（p<0.05）。化疗周期的增加也与需要输血的次数增加显著相关（p<0.001）。相比年轻患者（<65岁），年龄较大的患者（≥65岁）入院时患有较高的贫血，东部合作肿瘤诊疗组（ECOG）状况较差，治疗过程中Hb下降更多，需要输血次数增加（p<0.05）。 研究发现在接受活性癌症治疗的患者中，特别是在泌尿系统和胃肠道癌的情况下，贫血的患病率较高（50.5%）。高龄、频繁的化疗周期和ACD与贫血严重程度的增加有关。此外，与年轻患者相比，年龄较大的患者在患病率、病情状况较差和化疗周期增加时需输血的需求增加。 版权所有 © 2023，Badheeb等

Anemia, a common complication of cancer and its treatments, significantly affects cancer patients' survival and quality of life. Nevertheless, there is limited research conducted in the southern region of Saudi Arabia regarding its effects. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anemia, as well as its associated factors, among cancer patients undergoing active chemotherapy treatment.This retrospective study analyzed adult cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy at King Khaled Hospital's oncology department in Najran, Saudi Arabia, between 2017 and 2022. We aimed to determine the prevalence and contributing factors of anemia through comprehensive demographic and clinical assessment. Univariate analysis was performed to assess factors necessitating blood transfusion.A total of 95 cancer patients received chemotherapy, with a mean age of 52.2 ± 16.5 years. The majority were females (65.3%) aged between 18 and 64 years (74.7%). Gastrointestinal (42.1%) and breast (17.9%) cancers were the most prevalent malignancies. Most patients (56.8%) were in locally advanced stages. Anemia was present at admission in 48 (50.5%) patients with a higher prevalence among colorectal and genitourinary tract cancer patients. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) drop during treatment was 9.1 ± 2.1 g/dL. Anemia severity was stratified as follows: life-threatening (7.4%), severe (33%), moderate (31%), and lower limited (29%). Blood transfusions were required in 79% of cases. Advanced age, increased chemotherapy cycles, and anemia of chronic disease (ACD) were significantly associated with increased anemia severity (p<0.05). Increasing chemotherapy cycles also correlated with an increased need for blood transfusion (p<0.001). Older patients (≥65 years) had higher anemia at admission, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, more Hb decrease during treatment, and increased need for blood transfusions (p<0.05) compared to younger patients (<65 years).The study noted a high prevalence of anemia (50.5%) in patients receiving active cancer treatment, specifically in the context of genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract cancers. Advanced age, frequent chemotherapy cycles, and ACD were associated with increased severity of anemia. Furthermore, older patients displayed a higher frequency of anemia, poorer performance status, and an increased requirement for transfusions with an escalating number of chemotherapy cycles.Copyright © 2023, Badheeb et al.