迄今为止，喉癌组织学标志物的了解很少。鉴定与喉鳞状细胞癌（SCC）相关的生物标志物可能有助于解释肿瘤发生机制，并在治疗后预防可能的病变复发。因此，本研究的目的是首次调查48个喉SCC人体标本中Orphanin的表达，并评估其与患者预后的相关性。我们检测了48例喉SCC患者的病理标本，使用免疫组化测试检测Orphanin的存在。我们将结果与喉部间充质良性肿瘤手术患者获取的健康组织进行比较。标本使用抗Orphanin单克隆抗体染色。结果通过计算机图像分析系统处理，确定染色强度标度。与健康组织相比，所有检测的肿瘤标本均显示出显著的Orphanin免疫反应（p < 0.05），但与临床病理特征存在不同的免疫反应。高Orphanin表达与组织学分级（HG），TNM和分期（p > 0.05）无明显相关性。多变量分析中，只有Orphanin表达与恶性复发显著相关（p < 0.05）。我们的研究表明，Orphanin可能在促进肿瘤发生方面发挥作用，增加癌症复发的可能性；因此，应进一步探索它作为喉癌的潜在生物标志物的作用。

To date, histological biomarkers expressed by laryngeal cancer are poorly known. The identification of biomarkers associated with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), would help explain the tumorogenesis and prevent the possible recurrence of the lesion after treatment. For this reason, the aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, the Orphanin expression in 48 human specimens of laryngeal SCC and evaluate its possible correlation with patients prognosis. We analyzed pathological specimens from 48 patients with laryngeal SCC to detect the presence of Orphanin by using an immunohistochemistry test. We compared the findings with healthy tissue acquired from patients who underwent surgery for mesenchymal benign tumours of the larynx. The specimens were stained with anti-Orphanin monoclonal antibodies. Results were processed through a computerised image analysis system to determine a scale of staining intensity. All the tumoural specimens examined showed a significant immunoreaction for Orphanin when compared with healthy tissues (p < 0.05) but with a different immune reactivity related to clinical-pathological features. A high Orphanin expression was not significantly related to Histological Grading (HG), TNM, and stage (p > 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the Orphanin expression was significantly related only to the malignant recurrence (p < 0.05). Our study suggests that Orphanin could have a role in tumorigenesis by increasing the recurrence of cancer; therefore, it should be further explored as a possible biomarker for laryngeal cancer.