宫颈癌是发病率排名第四的癌症，并且是发展中国家妇女癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。除了人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）外，宿主基因因素，尤其是白细胞介素6（IL-6）基因中的多态性，可能与宫颈癌风险相关。本研究旨在调查HPV感染的分子研究以及其与伊朗宫颈癌中IL-6常见多态性的关联。本病例对照研究收集了62个癌前病变和癌症病变样本以及62个无癌症的健康样本，这些样本来自于未患癌症的妇女、负性阴道镜检查和宫颈细胞学检查。采用不同的PCR技术对HPV基因型和IL-6 rs1800795和rs1800796的基因分型进行了检测。采用Epi Info 2012版进行结果分析，使用χ2检验。与宫颈上皮内瘤变1级（CINI）相比，CIN II/III和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）中的HPV阳性率明显更高（分别为56.25％，66.66％和73.63％，p < 0.001）。与CIN II/III相比，SCC中的HPV阳性率也更高（p < 0.01）。此外，在CINI中，最常检测到的HPV基因型是HPV16和33；在CIN II/III中，最常检测到的HPV基因型是HPV16、31和35；在SCC组中，最常检测到的HPV基因型是HPV16和18。在CINI、CIN II/III和SCC中，HPV16是最常检测到的基因型，分别占44.44％、50％和71.42％。此外，rs1800795多态性的GG、CG和CC基因型频率分别为0.58、0.32和0.10（p = 0.033），而在对照组中分别为0.70、0.27和0.03。研究结果表明，HPV16在伊朗患者宫颈病变的出现中起着重要作用。因此，rs1800795的CC基因型和HPV可能增加伊朗妇女患宫颈癌的风险。

Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly identified cancer and the third important reason for cancer-related death among women in less developed nations. Aside from the human papillomavirus (HPV), the host genetic factors, especially some polymorphisms in the interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene, might relate to the risk of cervical cancer. This study aims to investigate the molecular investigation of HPV infection and its association with the common polymorphism of IL-6 in cervical carcinoma in Iran. This case-control study collected 62 precancerous and cancerous lesions and 62 healthy samples from cancer-free women, subsequent negative colposcopy, and cervical cytology. The frequency of HPV genotypes and the genotyping of IL-6 rs1800795 and rs1800796 were done by different PCR techniques. Results were analyzed using the Epi Info version 7, 2012, with the χ2 test. Compared with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CINI), the HPV positivity rate is saliently higher in CINII/III and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (56.25%, 66.66%, and 73.63%, respectively, p < 0.001). The HPV positivity rate is also higher in SCC in comparison with CINII/III (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the most detected HPV genotypes were HPV16 and 33 in CINI; HPV16, 31, and 35 in CINII/III; and HPV16 and 18 in SCC groups. HPV16 was the most commonly detected genotype in CINI, CINII/III, and SCC, accounting for 44.44%, 50%, and 71.42%, respectively. In addition, the frequency of GG, CG, and CC genotypes from rs1800795 polymorphism was 0.58, 0.32, and 0.10, respectively (p = 0.033), but in the control group, it was 0.70, 0.27, and 0.03, respectively. The findings suggest that HPV16 plays an important role in the emergence of cervical lesions in Iranian patients. As a result, rs1800795 CC genotype and HPV might increase cervical cancer risk in Iranian women.