粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤易位蛋白1（MALT1）促进CD4+T细胞分化、血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化发展，参与冠心病（CHD）的进展。本研究旨在探讨CHD患者血液中MALT1与临床特征、CD4+T细胞亚群及预后的相关性。利用RT-qPCR检测258例CHD患者和50例健康对照组（HCs）外周血单个核细胞中的MALT1。另外，通过流式细胞术测定血液中的辅助T细胞（Th1、Th2、Th17）和调节性T细胞（Treg）数量；在CHD患者的定期随访中记录主要不良心血管事件（MACE）。相较于HCs组，CHD患者血液中的MALT1升高。有趣的是，CHD患者的血液MALT1与高脂血症、甘油三酯、C-反应蛋白和Gensini评分呈正相关。它与Th2细胞和Treg细胞呈负相关，而与Th17细胞呈正相关，但与Th1细胞无关。更重要的是，与血液中低MALT1的CHD患者相比，高MALT1的CHD患者（根据中位数分为两组）的MACE无事件生存期缩短，当以四分位数作为分组标准时，差异不太显著。另外，与未发生MACE的CHD患者相比，1年、2年、3年和4年内发生MACE的CHD患者血液中的MALT1升高。血液中的MALT1与不平衡的CD4+T细胞亚群、升高的炎症和冠状动脉狭窄相关，可作为预测CHD患者MACE风险的候选生物标志物。 ©2023年临床科学家协会。

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) promotes CD4+ T cell differentiation, vascular inflammation, and atherogenesis to engage in coronary heart disease (CHD) progression. This study intended to explore the correlation of blood MALT1 with clinical characteristics, CD4+ T cell subset and prognosis in CHD patients.MALT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 258 CHD patients and 50 healthy controls (HCs) was determined by RT-qPCR. Additionally, blood T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells were measured through flow cytometry; major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were recorded during the routine follow up in CHD patients.Blood MALT1 was elevated in CHD patients compared to HCs. Interestingly, blood MALT1 positively associated with hyperlipidemia, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, and Gensini score in CHD patients. It also negatively linked with Th2 cells, Treg cells, and positively related to Th17 cells but not Th1 cells in CHD patients. More importantly, MACE-free survival was shortened in CHD patients with high blood MALT1 compared to those with low blood MALT1 (cut off by the median) while less significance was observed when cut off by quartiles. Separately, blood MALT1 was elevated in CHD patients occurred MACE within 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year duration compared to those who did not.Blood MALT1 links with unbalanced CD4+ T-cell subset, elevated inflammation, and coronary-artery stenosis serving as a candidate biomarker for predicting MACE risk in CHD patients.© 2023 by the Association of Clinical Scientists, Inc.