巴西本土水果巴西莓已被证明在促进乳腺癌和化疗药物所致心脏毒性方面起到一定作用。因此，本研究旨在评估巴西莓和FAC-D化疗方案在体内乳腺癌模型中的联合使用。通过在乳腺中皮下注射25mg/kg的7,12-二甲基苯并芘（DMBA）在30只雌性Wistar大鼠中诱导乳腺癌发生。60天后，大鼠被随机分为两组：每天通过胃管给予200mg/kg的巴西莓提取物或车剂，连续45天。在诱导90天后，开始FAC-D方案，通过腹腔注射进行3个周期，每个周期有7天的间歇期。治疗后，收集血液进行血液学和生化分析，并收集肿瘤进行显微镜检查和组织学分析。同样，还收集心脏、肝脏和肾脏样本进行显微镜检查和组织学分析。乳腺癌在乳腺中以囊性肿块和纤维化模式形式存在。组织学分析显示两组中均存在浸润性癌变区域；然而，盐水组中炎症簇团的存在更高。在两组中，体重、血糖、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、肌酐和尿素无明显差异。然而，巴西莓治疗降低了肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶MB（CKMB）、肌钙蛋白I和C-反应蛋白水平，并增加了中性粒细胞和单核细胞的数目。心脏组织学显示巴西莓治疗组心肌组织正常，而盐水组心脏出现更高的毒性效应，导致心脏组织结构丧失。此外，巴西莓治疗组心脏组织中胶原分布更广，羟脯氨酸浓度更高，H2AX免疫染色更低。巴西莓减少了肿瘤环境中炎症性细胞的数量，并对化疗药物引起的心脏毒性表现出保护作用，增强动物的免疫反应。因此，巴西莓可以被认为是一种有前景的低成本治疗方法，可与化疗药物联合使用以避免心脏损伤。© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd.，Springer Nature的一部分。

Açaí, a Brazilian native fruit, has already been demonstrated to play a role in the progress of breast cancer and cardiotoxicity promoted by chemotherapy agents. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of açaí and the FAC-D chemotherapy protocol in a breast cancer model in vivo.Mammary carcinogenesis was induced in thirty female Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in the mammary gland. After sixty days, the rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 45 consecutive days. The FAC-D protocol was initiated after 90 days of induction by intraperitoneal injection for 3 cycles with a 7-day break each. After treatment, blood was collected for haematological and biochemical analyses, and tumours were collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. In the same way, heart, liver, and kidney samples were also collected for macroscopic and histological analyses.Breast cancer was found as a cystic mass with a fibrotic pattern in the mammary gland. The histological analysis showed an invasive carcinoma area in both groups; however, in the saline group, there was a higher presence of inflammatory clusters. No difference was observed regarding body weight, glycaemia, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and urea in either group. However, açaí treatment decreased creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB), troponin I and C-reactive protein levels and increased the number of neutrophils and monocytes. Heart histopathology showed normal myocardium in the açaí treatment, while the saline group presented higher toxicity effects with loss of architecture of cardiac tissue. Furthermore, the açaí treatment presented greater collagen distribution, increased hydroxyproline concentration and lower H2AX immunostaining in the heart samples.Açaí decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the tumor environment and exhibited protection against chemotherapy drug cardiotoxicity with an increased immune response in animals. Thus, açaí can be considered a promising low-cost therapeutic treatment that can be used in association with chemotherapy agents to avoid heart damage.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.