肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种广泛流行且恶性进展的肿瘤。大多数患者通常在晚期被诊断出患有HCC，给实施治愈性手术干预带来了重大挑战。非编码RNAs（ncRNAs）是一类与蛋白质合成无直接关系的RNA分子。然而，它们具有调控基因表达的显著能力，从而对细胞过程施加重要的调节控制。值得注意的是，ncRNAs已被认为参与了程序性细胞死亡（PCD）的调节，这是各种治疗药物在对抗HCC中的靶点之一。本综述总结了ncRNAs调控HCC中PCD的临床意义，包括患者的诊断、预后、药物抗性和副作用。本研究旨在为HCC的诊断和药物治疗策略提供新的见解和方向。

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a widely prevalent and malignantly progressive tumor. Most patients are typically diagnosed with HCC at an advanced stage, posing significant challenges in the execution of curative surgical interventions. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a distinct category of RNA molecules not directly involved in protein synthesis. However, they possess the remarkable ability to regulate gene expression, thereby exerting significant regulatory control over cellular processes. Notably, ncRNAs have been implicated in the modulation of programmed cell death (PCD), a crucial mechanism that various therapeutic agents target in the fight against HCC. This review summarizes the clinical significance of ncRNA regulation of PCD in HCC, including patient diagnosis, prognosis, drug resistance, and side effects. The aim of this study is to provide new insights and directions for the diagnosis and drug treatment strategies of HCC.