ORCHESTRA（“Connecting European Cohorts to Increase Common and Effective Response To SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic”）是一个由欧盟资助的项目，旨在帮助快速提升与预防SARS-CoV-2感染和管理COVID-19及其长期后遗症相关的知识。在这篇文章中，我们描述了该项目的早期结果，重点介绍了多个国际历史和前瞻性队列研究的优势，并强调了对疫苗接种策略可能相关的结果，例如造血系统恶性肿瘤患者和实体器官移植患者在完成初次疫苗接种后需要进行疫苗增强剂，以引起更高的抗体滴度，以及疫苗对严重COVID-19临床表现和COVID-19后症发生的保护作用。关于流行病学变异、SARS-CoV-2感染及其后遗症的危险因素和不同亚人群中疫苗效果的宝贵数据可以支持进一步完善公共卫生疫苗政策的制定。

ORCHESTRA ("Connecting European Cohorts to Increase Common and Effective Response To SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic") is an EU-funded project which aims to help rapidly advance the knowledge related to the prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the management of COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae. Here, we describe the early results of this project, focusing on the strengths of multiple, international, historical and prospective cohort studies and highlighting those results which are of potential relevance for vaccination strategies, such as the necessity of a vaccine booster dose after a primary vaccination course in hematologic cancer patients and in solid organ transplant recipients to elicit a higher antibody titer, and the protective effect of vaccination on severe COVID-19 clinical manifestation and on the emergence of post-COVID-19 conditions. Valuable data regarding epidemiological variations, risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its sequelae, and vaccination efficacy in different subpopulations can support further defining public health vaccination policies.