化疗（CTx）与靶向治疗（TT）在无法手术切除或边缘可切除的转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）中提高了总体反应率（ORR）并改善了生存率。然而，重新切除率往往是一个最终结果，并且专家参与不足。旨在研究ORR的改善是否已转化为重新切除率的改善。使用PICO过程进行了系统文献搜索。使用Mantel-Haenszel方法，以二分值分析ORR和RR的比值比和95%置信区间（OR，95%CI）。使用逆变异法分析进展无病生存（PFS）和总生存（OS），并以风险比和95%置信区间（HR，95% CI）显示。文献搜索返回469个记录。选择了16篇文章，共计5724名患者进行分析。定性分析显示末梢的偏倚风险较低和中等。与仅CTx相比，CTx+TT呈现出更高的ORR（OR：0.62 [95% CI 0.45; 0.82]，p = 0.002），与双组合CTx+TT相比，三组合CTx+TT呈现更高的ORR（OR：0.61 [95% CI 0.46; 0.81]，p < 0.001）。TT的使用改善了PFS和OS（HR：0.68-0.84；p < 0.001至0.04）。总的重新切除率很低（< 15%），没有像其他末梢指标一样改善，主要是由于缺乏专家参与。© 2023。作者。

Chemotherapy (CTx) with targeted therapy (TT) have increased the overall response rate (ORR) and improved survival in unresectable or borderline resectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the resection rate is an endpoint with often suboptimal expert involvement. The aim was to investigate whether the improvements in ORR have translated to improved resection rates (RR).A systematic literature search was performed using the PICO process.Odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI) were analyzed for ORR and RR using dichotomous values with the Mantel-Haenszel method. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the inverse-variance method and displayed as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR, 95% CI).The literature search returned 469 records. Sixteen articles with 5724 patients were selected for analysis. The qualitative analysis revealed low and moderate risk of bias endpoints. Higher ORR was observed with CTx + TT versus CTx only (OR: 0.62 [95% CI 0.45; 0.82], p = 0.002) and with triplet CTx + TT versus doublet CTx + TT (OR: 0.61 [95% CI 0.46; 0.81], p < 0.001). PFS and OS were improved by use of TT (HR: 0.68-0.84; p < 0.001 to 0.04). The overall RR was low (< 15%) and did not improve in the same way as the other endpoints.The ORR and survival rates in unresectable and borderline resectable mCRC were improved by modern CTx and TT that did not translate into higher RR, mostly due to the lack of expert involvement.© 2023. The Author(s).