纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）是一种纳米级胶体药物输送系统，其核心包含由固态和液态脂质构成的脂质混合物。与聚合物或金属纳米颗粒相比，这种基于脂质的纳米系统被引入为一种生物相容性、非毒性和安全的纳米药物输送系统。由于其相对于其他基于脂质的纳米载体具有的安全性、稳定性和高药物负荷能力，NLC引起了研究人员的关注，用于制备安全和有效的药物载体。在药物封装在脂质壳中的同时增加药物的溶解度和渗透性，使其成为难以实现的途径的药物输送的理想载体。NLC的表面修饰和使用各种添加剂可以实现药物靶向和延长药物滞留时间。凭借这些特性，NLC可以用于治疗各种疾病，如癌症、感染、神经退行性疾病、高血压、糖尿病和疼痛管理。本综述重点介绍了通过不同途径通过这些纳米载体输送药物和基因的最新进展。在这里，我们还讨论了历史背景、结构、NLC的类型以及制造基于脂质的纳米载体的常用技术。©2023作者。

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) are nano-sized colloidal drug delivery system that contains a lipid mixture consisting of both solid and liquid lipids in their core. This Lipid-Based Nanosystem is introduced as a biocompatible, non-toxic, and safe nano-drug delivery system as compared to polymeric or metallic nanoparticles. Due to its safety, stability, and high drug loading capacity compared to other lipid-based nanocarriers, NLC gained the attention of researchers to formulate safe and effective drug carriers. The ability to increase drug solubility and permeability while encapsulating the drug in a lipidic shell makes them an ideal carrier for drug delivery through difficult-to-achieve routes. Surface modification of NLC and the use of various additives result in drug targeting and increased residence time. With such qualities, NLCs can be used to treat a variety of diseases such as cancer, infections, neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and pain management. This review focuses on the recent developments being made to deliver the drugs and genes through different routes via these nanocarriers. Here, we also discuss about historical background, structure, types of NLC and commonly employed techniques for manufacturing lipid-based nanocarriers.©2023 The Authors.