黑色素瘤是一种在人类黑素细胞中起源的侵袭性恶性肿瘤，在全球范围内呈上升趋势，目前仅有有限的非手术治疗选择。近年来，对免疫逃逸、肿瘤发生、药物耐药和癌症扩散到新部位的分子与细胞机制的认识不断取得进展，从而推动革新性治疗方法的开发。同时靶向多条信号通路的联合治疗显示出在黑色素瘤治疗中的潜力，对大多数黑色素瘤患者具有良好的疗效。经过基因改造的CAR T细胞克服了依赖于HLA的肿瘤细胞识别困难，提供了一种备选的方法。通过基因改造采集的异基因或自体T细胞来表达嵌合抗原受体，CAR T细胞可以独立于MHC识别细胞表面的抗原，提供了显著的癌细胞检测优势。然而，确定最有效的靶抗原是初始步骤，它有助于减轻由于“作用靶点在非肿瘤组织上”的毒性风险，并建立有针对性的治疗策略。此外，目前对黑色素瘤发病机制中的信号通路和关键分子的评估仍然不足。本研究强调了CAR T细胞免疫编辑的新方法，并提供了与黑色素瘤相关的分子信号通路的新见解。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc.发布。

Melanoma, an aggressive malignant tumor originating from melanocytes in humans, is on the rise globally, with limited non-surgical treatment options available. Recent advancements in the perception of the molecular & cellular mechanisms of principal in immune escape, tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and the spread of cancer to new locations have led to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Combination therapy targeting multiple pathways simultaneously has shown promise in treating melanoma, eliciting favorable responses in most melanoma patients. CAR T-cells, engineered to overcome the limitations of HLA-dependent tumor cell detection associated with T-cell receptors, offer an alternative approach. By genetically modifying apheresis-collected allogeneic or autologous T-cells to express chimeric antigen receptors, CAR T-cells can appreciate antigens on cell surfaces independently of MHC, providing a significant cancer cell detection advantage. However, identifying the most effective target antigen is the initial step, as it helps mitigate the risk of toxicity due to "on-target, off-tumor" and establishes a targeted therapeutic strategy. Furthermore, evaluating signaling pathways and critical molecules involved in melanoma pathogenesis remains insufficient. This study emphasizes the novel approaches of CAR T-cell immunoediting and presents new insights into the molecular signaling pathways associated with melanoma.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.