胃外异柱虫感染罕见。在此我们报告了一例基于分子鉴定诊断为肝脏异柱虫感染的Anisakis pegreffii感染病例。一名71岁的男性患者在腹部超声、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像中出现一直径为20毫米的低密度区域，位于肝脏第6节段，手术切除的病理标本显示有一个含有线虫幼虫的坏死性嗜酸性肉芽肿，可能是一只异柱虫幼虫。分子和系统发育分析证明了这些Anisakis幼虫属于A. pegreffii。本研究结果将有助于在组织病理切片中鉴定和描述未知的异柱虫物种。

Extra-gastrointestinal anisakidosis is rare. We herein report an Anisakis pegreffii infection in a patient with hepatic anisakidosis diagnosed based on its molecular identification. A 71-year-old male patient had a hepatic tumor presenting as a low-density area of 20 mm in diameter in segment 6 of the liver on abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The surgically resected pathological specimen revealed a necrotizing eosinophilic granuloma containing nematode larvae, possibly an Anisakis larva. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated Anisakis larvae belonging to A. pegreffii. The present results will help identify and characterize unknown Anisakis species in histological sections.