内生菌，尤其是从草本植物中分离出来的内生菌，可能充当多种生物活性的次生代谢物的储库。一些内生菌表现出与它们的植物寄主相同的生物活性化合物的产生能力，使它们成为这些物质更可持续的工业供应。大麻草（Urtica dioica L.）是一种广泛用于草药中的共生植物，因其含有多种生物活性化学品，如多酚类物质，它们具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗癌等能力。本研究旨在从大麻草中分离内生细菌，以获取其生物活性化合物。通过生化和分子方法（16S rRNA）鉴定了内生分离物，并对其酶、表面活性物质和多酚类物质的产生进行了研究。每个分离的细菌菌株都能产生表面活性物质和多酚类物质。然而，其中三株鉴定为两株蜡样芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus cereus) 和一株草枯膏芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus mycoides) 的内生菌菌株具有最大的表面活性物质和多酚类物质产生能力。培养液中衍生的提取物显示了1.633 mol l-1 (9.691 mg l-1) 的多酚类化合物浓度。因此，本研究表明，从大麻草中分离得到的内生蜡样芽孢杆菌和草枯膏芽孢杆菌可能是表面活性物质和多酚类物质的潜在来源。然而，需要进一步研究以了解该过程的机制，并实现内生细菌高效产生多酚类物质。 © 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

Endophytes, especially those isolated from herbal plants, may act as a reservoir of a variety of secondary metabolites exhibiting biological activity. Some endophytes express the ability to produce the same bioactive compounds as their plant hosts, making them a more sustainable industrial supply of these substances. Urtica dioica L. (common stinging nettle) is a synanthropic plant that is widely used in herbal medicine due to the diversity of bioactive chemicals it contains, e.g., polyphenols, which demonstrate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous capabilities. This study aimed at isolating endophytic bacteria from stinging nettles for their bioactive compounds. The endophytic isolates were identified by both biochemical and molecular methods (16S rRNA) and investigated for enzymes, biosurfactants, and polyphenols production. Each of the isolated bacterial strains was capable of producing biosurfactants and polyphenols. However, three of the isolated endophytes, identified as two strains of Bacillus cereus and one strain of Bacillus mycoides, possessed the greatest capacity to produce biosurfactants and polyphenols. The derivatized extracts from culture liquid showed the 1.633 mol l-1 (9.691 mg l-1) concentration of polyphenol compounds. Therefore, the present study signifies that endophytic B. cereus and B. mycoides isolated from Urtica dioica L. could be a potential source of biosurfactants and polyphenols. However, further study is required to understand the mechanism of the process and achieve efficient polyphenol production by endophytic bacteria.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.