我们系统地回顾了头颈部肿瘤患者手术切口感染（SSI）的发病率和危险因素。我们检索了PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库，以获取关于头颈部肿瘤患者SSI危险因素的研究。检索时间从数据库建立至2023年2月。两位评审员独立筛选文献、提取数据并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。采用Stata 15.1软件进行荟萃分析。共纳入了32篇文章，包括128,919名头颈部肿瘤患者和2,949例SSI。头颈部肿瘤患者SSI的发病率从19%到29%不等，总感染率为24%。荟萃分析结果显示，BMI＜20 kg/m^2（OR，2.64；95% CI，1.74-4.00；I^2，0%）、糖尿病（OR，3.00；95% CI，2.12-4.16；I^2，60.6%）、ASA评分（OR，1.51；95% CI，1.29-1.77；I^2，0%）、放疗（OR，2.27；95% CI，1.87-2.77；I^2，44.8%）、化疗（OR，2.36；95% CI，1.64-3.40；I^2，0%）、克林霉素抗生素（OR，2.99；95% CI，1.82-2.93；I^2，36.5%）、缺陷修复（OR，3.76；95% CI，1.22-11.59；I^2，91.4%）、颈部淋巴清扫（OR，2.13；95% CI，1.63-2.79；I^2，16.4%）、输血（OR，2.29；95% CI，1.52-3.45；I^2，66.2%）、下颌骨（OR，3.17；95% CI，1.85-5.42；I^2，73%）、气管切开术（OR，2.51；95% CI，1.74-3.62；I^2，86.4%）、手术时间（OR，1.42；95% CI，1.16-1.74；I^2，86.4%）和ALB（OR，2.48；95% CI，1.95-3.15；I^2，5.3%）是头颈部肿瘤患者手术切口感染的危险因素（p < 0.05）。敏感性分析结果显示所有危险因素的一致性良好，并且结果具有稳定性。本荟萃分析结果表明BMI＜20 kg/m^2、糖尿病、ASA评分、放疗、化疗、克林霉素抗生素、缺陷修复、颈部淋巴清扫、输血、下颌骨、气管切开术、手术时间和ALB是SSI的显著危险因素。©2023年Wiley Periodicals LLC.

We systematically review the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with head and neck cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to obtain studies on the risk factors for SSI in patients with HNC. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to February 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in included studies. Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 15.1 software. A total of 32 articles including 128 919 patients with head and neck cancer and 2949 cases of SSI were included in this meta-analysis. The incidence rate of SSI in head and neck cancer ranges from 19% to 29%, and the overall infection rate was 24%. Meta-analysis indicated that BMI < 20 kg/m2 (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.74-4.00; I2 , 0%), diabetes (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 2.12-4.16; I2 , 60.6%), ASA score (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.29-1.77; I2 , 0%), radiotherapy (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.87-2.77; I2 , 44.8%), chemotherapy (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.64-3.40; I2 , 0%), clindamycin antibiotic (OR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.82-2.93; I2 , 36.5%), deficit repair (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.22-11.59; I2 , 91.4%), neck dissection (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.63-2.79; I2 , 16.4%), blood transfusion (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.52-3.45; I2 , 66.2%), mandibular (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.85-5.42; I2 , 73%), tracheostomy (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.74-3.62; I2 , 86.4%), operation time (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.16-1.74; I2 , 86.4%), ALB (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.95-3.15; I2 , 5.3%) were risk factors of surgical site infection in patients with head and neck cancer (p < 0.05). The results of the sensitivity analysis showed good agreement in all risk factors and the results had stability. The present meta-analysis suggests that BMI < 20 kg/m2 , diabetes, ASA score, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, clindamycin antibiotic, deficit repair, neck dissection, blood transfusion, mandibular, tracheostomy, operation time, and ALB were significant risk factors for SSI.© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.