良性外周神经肿瘤主要包括不同类型，其中最常见的是斯万瘤。手术前常常进行核磁共振成像（MRI）检查，病理解剖学诊断（PAD）证实了诊断。我们的目的是研究MRI的实用性以及肿瘤大小与症状之间的关系。回顾性地，我们找到经手术治疗的良性神经肿瘤患者，并分析了术前MRI、肿瘤大小、PAD、症状、术中细节以及术后症状的结果。 基于30例斯万瘤和9例神经纤维瘤的MRI术前诊断结果，MRI诊断斯万瘤的敏感性和特异性分别为85％和50％。肿瘤大小并没有影响术前症状的存在，但术后追踪期间感觉功能障碍患者的斯万瘤较大（p <0.05）。手术切除治疗改善了触摸性肿块、感觉异常和疼痛症状（p <0.001、p <0.001 和p <0.012），但术后常见感觉和运动功能障碍。没有发现恶性周围神经鞘肿瘤（MPNST）。与仅使用环形放大镜相比，使用手术显微镜降低了围手术期神经损伤的风险（p <0.05），但未进一步减轻术后症状。 早期和准确地诊断斯万瘤对于充分的术前准备和及时的手术干预至关重要。术前MRI检查具有较高的敏感性，但特异性较低；虽然最近MRI技术的进展表明提高了诊断准确性。手术切除最好在症状出现早期进行，以改善预后。© 2023. BioMed Central有限公司，Springer Nature的一部分。

Benign peripheral nerve tumours consist of different types, most commonly Schwannomas. Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly performed before surgery and Pathoanatomical Diagnosis (PAD) confirms the diagnosis. Our aims were to study the utility of MRI and the relation between tumour size and symptoms.Retrospectively, patients, surgically treated for benign nerve tumours between 2008 and 2019, were identified and preoperative MRI, with measurement of tumour size, PAD, symptoms, peroperative details, and symptomatic outcomes of surgery, were analysed.The sensitivity and specificity to correctly identify Schwannomas with preoperative MRI were 85% and 50%, respectively, based on 30 Schwannomas and nine neurofibromas that were identified. Tumour size did not affect the presence of preoperative symptoms, but patients with sensory dysfunction at last follow-up had larger Schwannomas (p < 0.05). Symptoms as a palpable tumour, paraesthesia and pain improved by surgical excision (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.012, respectively), but sensory and motor dysfunction were common postoperatively. No malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST) were found. Using a surgical microscope, instead of only loop magnification, lowered the risk of perioperative nerve injuries (p < 0.05), but did not further diminish postoperative symptoms.Early and accurate diagnosis of Schwannomas is valuable for adequate presurgical preparation and prompt surgical intervention. Preoperative examination with MRI has a high sensitivity, but low specificity; although recent advancement in MRI technology indicates improvement in diagnostic precision. Surgical excision is preferably performed early in conjunction with symptomatic debut to improve outcome.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.