作为生物学和医学领域的科学家，您对英语和简体中文都非常精通。请将以下段落准确地翻译成简体中文，并符合学术论文的语言格局和原始陈述的结构： 以外泌体作为纳米载体的化疗药物传递系统：肿瘤学的新纪元。
Exosomes as a Nano-Carrier for Chemotherapeutics: A New Era of Oncology.
发表日期：2023 Aug 25
作者：
Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi, Denis Adrián Delvalle, Vitor Rodrigues da Costa, Anderson Lucas Alievi, Michelli Ramires Teixeira, João Rafael Dias Pinto, Irina Kerkis
来源：
Cell Death & Disease
摘要：
尽管肿瘤学取得了可观的进展，癌症仍然是全球领先的死因之一。癌细胞获得的药物抵抗机制和药物输送效率低下限制了可用化疗药物的治疗效力。然而，研究表明，纳米药物载体（NDCs）可以克服这些局限。在这个意义上，外泌体成为NDCs的潜在候选人。这是因为与合成NDCs相比，外泌体在器官定向性、靶向性、细胞摄取和荷载释放能力方面具有更好的能力。此外，外泌体可以作为含水性和疏水性化疗药物的NDCs。因此，本综述旨在总结细胞无关疗法的最新进展，描述外泌体如何对癌症发生过程的每个步骤作出贡献，并讨论这些纳米尺寸的囊泡如何可以用作化疗的纳米药物载体。
Despite the considerable advancements in oncology, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Drug resistance mechanisms acquired by cancer cells and inefficient drug delivery limit the therapeutic efficacy of available chemotherapeutics drugs. However, studies have demonstrated that nano-drug carriers (NDCs) can overcome these limitations. In this sense, exosomes emerge as potential candidates for NDCs. This is because exosomes have better organotropism, homing capacity, cellular uptake, and cargo release ability than synthetic NDCs. In addition, exosomes can serve as NDCs for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, this review aimed to summarize the latest advances in cell-free therapy, describing how the exosomes can contribute to each step of the carcinogenesis process and discussing how these nanosized vesicles could be explored as nano-drug carriers for chemotherapeutics.