人类醛脱氢酶超家族（hALDHs）是由19种同功酶组成的，对多种生理和生物合成过程至关重要，并通过NAD(P)依赖的氧化反应将多种内源性和外源性醛底物氧化为相应的羧酸以实现有机体的解毒作用。在过去的几十年里，ALDHs成为研究的对象，因为发现它们在不同癌症类型中的差异表达模式与癌变或促进细胞存活有关。本文试图在癌症病理学和化疗抵抗方面，全面综述hALDHs的多样功能和3D结构，特别关注结构特征与酶功能影响之间的关联。此外，我们还提供了用于癌症治疗的实验或临床设置中的hALDHs抑制剂的最新概述。总体而言，本综述旨在从结构角度提供对ALDHs在癌症病理学和治疗中的影响更好的理解。

The superfamily of human aldehyde dehydrogenases (hALDHs) consists of 19 isoenzymes which are critical for several physiological and biosynthetic processes and play a major role in the organism's detoxification via the NAD(P) dependent oxidation of numerous endogenous and exogenous aldehyde substrates to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Over the last decades, ALDHs have been the subject of several studies as it was revealed that their differential expression patterns in various cancer types are associated either with carcinogenesis or promotion of cell survival. Here, we attempt to provide a thorough review of hALDHs' diverse functions and 3D structures with particular emphasis on their role in cancer pathology and resistance to chemotherapy. We are especially interested in findings regarding the association of structural features and their changes with effects on enzymes' functionalities. Moreover, we provide an updated outline of the hALDHs inhibitors utilized in experimental or clinical settings for cancer therapy. Overall, this review aims to provide a better understanding of the impact of ALDHs in cancer pathology and therapy from a structural perspective.