非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的系统治疗进展，如免疫检查点阻滞剂（ICB）和靶向治疗，导致了寡进展性疾病（OPD）的增加。 OPD是寡转移性疾病（OMD）的亚型，定义为在系统治疗过程中有限数量的病灶进展。提出了假设，局部根治性治疗（LRT）可以消除由耐药克隆引起的进展性病灶，最终恢复对系统治疗的敏感性。最近发表的国际共识和指南旨在统一定义OMD NSCLC，并标准化这些患者在未来临床试验中的纳入以及日常管理。尽管没有关于OPD的具体定义，但有关OPD的LRT策略在报道有希望的结果后得到了支持。对于OPD NSCLC患者的LRT的回顾性和初步前瞻性随机数据是鼓舞人心的。需要更多临床和转化研究数据来选择LRT应该进行的最佳情景。在此综述中，我们分析了目前关于NSCLC晚期OPD患者的LRT的可用文献，并讨论了未来的试验设计和挑战。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Progresses of systemic treatments in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), such as immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) and targeted therapies, led to the increased incidence of oligoprogressive disease (OPD). The OPD is a subtype of oligometastatic disease (OMD) defined as a progression of a limited number of lesions during systemic treatment exposure. The hypothesis was formulated that local radical treatments (LRT) could eradicate progressive lesions resulting from resistant clones, ultimately leading to systemic treatment sensitivity restoration. Recently published international consensuses and guidelines aim to obtain a uniform definition of OMD NSCLC, to standardize the inclusion of these patients in future clinical trials, as well as their management in daily practice. Although there is no specific definition of OPD, LRT strategies in OPD are supported after reporting promising results. Both retrospective and preliminary prospective randomized data of LRT for patients with OPD NSCLC are encouraging. More clinical and translational data are needed for selecting best scenarios where LRT should be delivered. In this review, we analyze the current available literature on LRT for patients with OPD in advanced NSCLC and discuss about future trial design and challenges.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.