炎症性肠病（IBD）通常需要手术切除，如亚全结肠切除术以缓解症状。然而，IBD也存在肠道上皮发展异常和癌症风险增加的内在特点。尽管对于肠道完整的IBD患者已经有了公认的监测指南，但关于会阴残端监测的同时决策模型还比较缺乏。本研究旨在观察亚全结肠切除术后IBD患者会阴残端的情况。本研究是一个两个中心的回顾性观察性队列研究。从NHS Grampian和NHS Highland的IBD手术数据库中筛选出患者。纳入从2010年1月1日至2017年12月31日期间进行亚全结肠切除术的患者，并于2021年4月1日作为随访终点。从电子记录中收集了人口社会学特征、诊断、医疗和手术管理数据。在250例接受亚全结肠切除术的患者中，仅有一例（0.4%）在随访时间的中位数80个月内会阴残端发生了癌症。超过预期的72%患者会阴残端仍然存在症状。监测策略存在差异和不一致。然而，无论是没有监测、柔性结肠镜检查还是磁共振成像都未发现异常增生或恶性疾病。根据我们的结果，我们估计会阴癌的患病率低于以前报道的结果。由于目前缺乏相关指南，会阴残端监测策略存在差异，因此这是一个未来研究的重要领域。考虑到这些患者中会阴癌的发生频率相对较低，以及该领域可用的证据水平较低，我们建议采用基于登记簿的方法来回答这个重要的临床问题。© 2023 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often requires surgical resection, such as subtotal colectomy operations to alleviate symptoms. However, IBD also has an inherently increased risk of colorectal dysplasia and cancer. Despite the well-accepted surveillance guidelines for IBD patients with an intact colon, contemporaneous decision-making models on rectal stump surveillance is sparse. This study looks at the fate of rectal stumps in IBD patients following subtotal colectomy.This is a two-centre retrospective observational cohort study. Patients were identified from NHS Grampian and NHS Highland surgical IBD databases. Patients that had subtotal colectomy between January 01, 2010 and December 31, 2017 were included with the follow-up end date on April 1, 2021. Socio-demographics, diagnosis, medical and surgical management data were collected from electronic records.Of 250 patients who had subtotal colectomy procedures, only one developed a cancer in their rectal stump (0.4%) over a median follow-up of 80 months. A higher than expected 72% of patients had ongoing symptoms from their rectal stumps. Surveillance was varied and inconsistent. However, no surveillance, flexible sigmoidoscopy, or MRI identified dysplastic or neoplastic disease.Based on our results, we estimate that the prevalence of rectal cancer is lower than previously reported. Surveillance strategy of rectal stump varied as no current guidelines exist and hence is an important area for future study. Given the relatively low frequency of rectal cancer in these patients, and the low level of evidence available in this field, we would propose a registry-based approach to answering this important clinical question.© 2023 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.