随着宏基因组、代谢组学和转录组学方法的发展，宿主与各种微生物之间错综复杂的相互作用正在逐渐被理解。大量研究已经证明了在多种疾病（如糖尿病、肥胖症、衰老和癌症）过程中，肠道微生物群发生明显变化。值得注意的是，肠道微生物群被视为一种潜在的新疗法来源。目前，下一代益生菌（Next-generation probiotics，NGPs）作为调节肠道微生物群并影响癌症发展的治疗剂，正在日益受到关注。在过去的十年中，一种代表性的共生菌——黏液酰胺类埃克曼氏菌（Akkermansia muciniphila，A. muciniphila）获得了相当大的关注，因其作为一种有前途的NGP。A. muciniphila的成分和代谢物可以直接或间接地影响肿瘤发生，特别是通过对抗肿瘤免疫监视的影响，包括刺激模式识别受体（pattern recognition receptors，PRRs），这也导致在各种情况下（包括癌症的预防和治愈）取得更好的结果。本文系统总结了A. muciniphila在肿瘤发生（涉及胃肠道和非胃肠道癌症）和肿瘤治疗中的作用。特别是，我们仔细讨论了一些关键的科学问题，这些问题需要在将A. muciniphila作为代表性有益细菌应用于肿瘤治疗中解决，这可能为在临床肿瘤治疗中针对A. muciniphila的药物应用提供明确线索和帮助。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 发布。

In the wake of the development of metagenomic, metabolomic, and metatranscriptomic approaches, the intricate interactions between the host and various microbes are now being progressively understood. Numerous studies have demonstrated evident changes in gut microbiota during the process of a variety of diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, aging, and cancers. Notably, gut microbiota is viewed as a potential source of novel therapeutics. Currently, Next-generation probiotics (NGPs) are gaining popularity as therapeutic agents that alter the gut microbiota and affect cancer development. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), a representative commensal bacterium, has received substantial attention over the past decade as a promising NGP. The components and metabolites of A. muciniphila can directly or indirectly affect tumorigenesis, in particular through its effects on antitumor immunosurveillance, including the stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which also leads to better outcomes in a variety of situations, including the prevention and curation of cancers. In this article, we systematically summarize the role of A. muciniphila in tumorigenesis (involving gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal cancers) and in tumor therapy. In particular, we carefully discuss some critical scientific issues that need to be solved for the future using A. muciniphila as a representative beneficial bacterium in tumor treatment, which might provide bright clues and assistance for the application of drugs targeting A. muciniphila in clinical oncotherapy.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.