组蛋白修饰的失调已被认定为炎症性肠病（IBD）和结肠直肠癌（CRC）发病机制的问题所在。这些疾病以慢性炎症为特征，且组蛋白修饰的变化已与其发展和进展有关。此外，肠道菌群在调节免疫应答和维持肠道稳态方面发挥了关键作用，并已表明对宿主细胞中的组蛋白修饰和基因表达产生影响。近年来，在IBD和CRC中对组蛋白修饰酶及其相关染色质修饰作用的作用的理解取得了新的突破，为潜在的治疗干预提供了新的见解。特别是，组蛋白修饰酶抑制剂已在临床试验中作为可能的治疗方法得到探索。本综述旨在探讨这些潜在的治疗干预措施，并分析先前和正在进行的针对IBD和CRC治疗中采用组蛋白修饰酶抑制剂的临床试验。本文将通过探索该领域的最新进展和讨论现有方法的局限性，为当前的知识库做出贡献。通过全面分析针对组蛋白修饰酶靶向治疗IBD和CRC的潜在好处，本综述将有助于指导未来的研究，并强调了对了解胃肠道疾病中组蛋白修饰酶及其相关染色质修饰的功能的重要性以开发潜在的治疗干预措施。© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

Dysregulation of histone modifications has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). These diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation, and alterations in histone modifications have been linked to their development and progression. Furthermore, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses and maintaining gut homeostasis, and it has been shown to exert effects on histone modifications and gene expression in host cells. Recent advances in our understanding of the roles of histone-modifying enzymes and their associated chromatin modifications in IBD and CRC have provided new insights into potential therapeutic interventions. In particular, inhibitors of histone-modifying enzymes have been explored in clinical trials as a possible therapeutic approach for these diseases. This review aims to explore these potential therapeutic interventions and analyze previous and ongoing clinical trials that examined the use of histone-modifying enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of IBD and CRC. This paper will contribute to the current body of knowledge by exploring the latest advances in the field and discussing the limitations of existing approaches. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the potential benefits of targeting histone-modifying enzymes for the treatment of IBD and CRC, this review will help to inform future research in this area and highlight the significance of understanding the functions of histone-modifying enzymes and their associated chromatin modifications in gastrointestinal disorders for the development of potential therapeutic interventions.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.