RNA转录水平的调控过程在人类细胞中生成转录组多样性和蛋白质组成中发挥关键作用，影响生理和病理状态。本研究介绍了FLIBase（www.FLIBase.org），这是一个专门注释使用长读测序技术获得的全长异构体的数据库。我们收集和整合了来自不同正常和癌症人体组织和细胞的长读（351个样本）和短读（12,469个样本）RNA测序数据。目前版本的FLIBase包括了总共983,789个通过长读序列确定并使用短读外显子外显子剪接位点进行验证的全长剪接异构体。其中，188,248个异构体已经被注释，而795,541个异构体仍未被注释。通过克服短读RNA测序方法的局限性，FLIBase提供了全长转录本的准确和全面的表征。这些全面的注释使研究人员能够进行各种下游分析和研究。重要的是，FLIBase在识别大量先前未注释的异构体和肿瘤特异性RNA转录本方面具有显著优势。这些肿瘤特异性RNA转录本有潜力成为免疫原性的复发新抗原的来源。这一重要发现为推进针对各类人类癌症的定制RNA诊断和治疗策略的开发提供了巨大的希望。© 作者（们）2023.由牛津大学出版社代表核酸研究出版。

Regulatory processes at the RNA transcript level play a crucial role in generating transcriptome diversity and proteome composition in human cells, impacting both physiological and pathological states. This study introduces FLIBase (www.FLIBase.org), a specialized database that focuses on annotating full-length isoforms using long-read sequencing techniques. We collected and integrated long-read (351 samples) and short-read (12 469 samples) RNA sequencing data from diverse normal and cancerous human tissues and cells. The current version of FLIBase comprises a total of 983 789 full-length spliced isoforms, identified through long-read sequences and verified using short-read exon-exon splice junctions. Of these, 188 248 isoforms have been annotated, while 795 541 isoforms remain unannotated. By overcoming the limitations of short-read RNA sequencing methods, FLIBase provides an accurate and comprehensive representation of full-length transcripts. These comprehensive annotations empower researchers to undertake various downstream analyses and investigations. Importantly, FLIBase exhibits a significant advantage in identifying a substantial number of previously unannotated isoforms and tumor-specific RNA transcripts. These tumor-specific RNA transcripts have the potential to serve as a source of immunogenic recurrent neoantigens. This remarkable discovery holds tremendous promise for advancing the development of tailored RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for various types of human cancer.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.