本研究旨在了解炎症趋化因子在非裔美国人（AA）男性与白人（CA）男性相比前列腺癌发生率和死亡率差异的水平。作者使用趋化因子测定法同时测量了AA和CA种族术前前列腺癌患者和健康对照组血清中40种趋化因子和细胞因子的水平。选择的趋化因子（CXCL2，CXCL5和CCL23）血清水平在211个前列腺癌患者和健康对照组的血清样本中进行了验证。利用免疫组化方法分析了代表性非裔美国人和白人前列腺肿瘤组织中CXCL5和CCL23的差异表达。来自211个血清样本的种族特异性比较显示，AA男性的CXCL2水平（对照组：3104.0 pg/mL vs. 癌症组：2451.0 pg/mL）和CXCL5水平（对照组：5189.0 pg/mL vs. 癌症组：5459.0 pg/mL）显著高于白人（CXCL2：对照组：1155.0 pg/mL vs. 癌症组：889.3 pg/mL，CXCL5：对照组：1183.0 pg/mL vs. 癌症组：977.5 pg/mL）。CCL23在种族之间和种族内存在显著差异，AA癌症组患者（454.5 pg/mL vs. 966.6 pg/mL）的水平低于健康对照组（740.5 pg/mL vs. 1263.0 pg/mL）。患者年龄、前列腺特异性抗原或Gleason评分与这些趋化因子之间没有显著关联。在代表性的存档前列腺组织中，CXCL5的免疫染色显示癌组织中显著高于邻近良性组织，而CCL23在大多数分析的肿瘤组织中无法检测到。AA前列腺癌患者血清和肿瘤组织中CCL23水平较低以及高水平的CXCL2和CXCL5可能是具有侵袭性前列腺癌的因素，如经常在AA男性中观察到。与种族相关的血清趋化因子的不均匀水平需要进一步研究，以改善精准肿瘤学的公平性，造福前列腺癌患者。© 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.

This study aimed to understand the differential levels of inflammatory chemokines in association with higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality in African American (AA) men than in Caucasians (CA).The authors used a chemokine assay to simultaneously measure 40 chemokines and cytokines levels in the serum of preoperative prostate cancer patients and healthy controls of AA and CA races. Selected chemokines (CXCL2, CXCL5, and CCL23) serum level was validated in 211 serum samples from prostate cancer patients and healthy controls. Differential expression of CXCL5 and CCL23 was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in a representative cohort of prostate tumor tissues of AA and CA races.Race-specific comparisons from 211 serum samples showed significantly higher levels of CXCL2 (control: 3104.0 pg/mL vs. cancer: 2451.0 pg/mL) and CXCL5 (control: 5189.0 pg/mL vs. cancer: 5459.0 pg/mL) in AA men than in CAs (CXCL2; control: 1155.0 pg/mL vs. cancer: 889.3 pg/mL, and CXCL5; control: 1183.0 pg/mL vs. cancer: 977.5 pg/mL). CCL23 differed significantly within and between the races with a lower level in AA cancer cases (454.5 vs. 966.6 pg/mL) than healthy controls (740.5 vs. 1263.0 pg/mL). Patient age, prostate-specific antigen, or Gleason scores were not significantly associated with these chemokines. Immunostaining for CXCL5 and CCL23 in a representative cohort of archival prostate tissues displayed significantly higher CXCL5 in prostate tumors than in adjacent benign tissues, whereas CCL23 was nondetectable in most of the analyzed tumor tissues.Lower levels of CCL23 in AA prostate cancer patient sera and tumor tissues and high CXCL2 and CXCL5 may contribute to aggressive prostate cancer, as often seen in AA men. The disproportionate levels of serum chemokines associated with race warrant further exploration to improve equitability in precision oncology to benefit prostate cancer patients.© 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.