高度摄入花椰菜（Brassica oleracea var. italica）与心脑血管疾病、神经系统疾病、糖尿病和癌症的发病风险降低相关。花椰菜富含多种植物化学物质，包括硫醇苷和异硫氰酸酯。此外，最近报道哺乳动物（包括人类）体内花椰菜能够内源性产生多硫化物（如半胱氨酸乙二硫酸酯和谷胱甘肽乙二硫酸酯），这些生物活性物质具有强大的抗氧化作用和重要的氧化还原信号调节作用。然而，对花椰菜内源性多硫化物含量以及萌发对多硫化物含量和组成的影响的研究很少。在本研究中，我们通过液相色谱-电喷雾离子化-串联质谱分析，进行了无靶标多硫酸物质组学分析和定量靶向多硫化物代谢组学分析，研究了花椰菜在发芽过程中的多硫酸物质生物合成变化。我们还进行了2,2-二苯基-1-哌啶肼自由基清除试验，以确定多硫化物的抗氧化性能。结果表明，花椰菜嫩芽中的总多硫酸物质明显增加，CysS2H和半胱氨酸三硫酸酯是主要的有机多硫化物代谢产物。此外，我们确定了新型硫辣葱素（SFN）与CysS2H和GS2H结合形成的衍生物在花椰菜嫩芽中内源性合成，而新型与CysS2H结合的硫辣葱素展现出比硫辣葱素和半胱氨酸更强的自由基清除能力。这些结果表明，花椰菜嫩芽中多硫化物的丰富程度对其促进健康的特性起到了重要贡献。我们的研究结果对于开发花椰菜嫩芽健康促进效应的新药物靶点具有重要的生物学意义。版权所有© 2023 作者。由Elsevier B.V.发表，版权所有。

Higher consumption of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is associated with a reduced risk of cardiometabolic diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes, and cancer. Broccoli is rich in various phytochemicals, including glucosinolates, and isothiocyanates. Moreover, it has recently reported the endogenous production of polysulfides, such as cysteine hydropersulfide (CysS2H) and glutathione hydropersulfide (GS2H), in mammals including humans, and that these bioactive substances function as potent antioxidants and important regulators of redox signaling in vivo. However, few studies have focused on the endogenous polysulfide content of broccoli and the impact of germination on the polysulfide content and composition in broccoli. In this study, we investigated the alternations in polysulfide biosynthesis in broccoli during germination by performing untargeted polysulfide omics analysis and quantitative targeted polysulfide metabolomics through liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. We also performed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging assay to determine the antioxidant properties of the polysulfides. The results revealed that the total polysulfide content of broccoli sprouts significantly increased during germination and growth; CysS2H and cysteine hydrotrisulfide were the predominant organic polysulfide metabolites. Furthermore, we determined that novel sulforaphane (SFN) derivatives conjugated with CysS2H and GS2H were endogenously produced in the broccoli sprouts, and the novel SFN conjugated with CysS2H exhibited a greater radical scavenging capacity than SFN and cysteine. These results suggest that the abundance of polysulfides in broccoli sprouts contribute to their health-promoting properties. Our findings have important biological implications for the development of novel pharmacological targets for the health-promoting effects of broccoli sprouts in humans.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.