在慢性炎症环境下，肿瘤引流淋巴结中生成的抗肿瘤免疫被称为癌症免疫循环。积累的证据支持了这种循环在肿瘤部位的存在。在这里，我们回顾了第三淋巴结结构（TLS）在产生T和B细胞免疫中的作用，重点放在经历完全成熟的B细胞对产生高亲和力IgG和IgA抗体的浆细胞（PCs）的影响上。在这种情况下，我们提出结合肿瘤细胞的抗体诱导巨噬细胞或自然杀伤（NK）细胞依赖性凋亡。随后，释放的抗原-抗体复合物被树突状细胞（DCs）内吞并经过处理，增强了对T细胞的抗原呈递。免疫复合物也可能被TLS中滤泡内树突状细胞（FDCs）固定，从而增加记忆B细胞的反应。这种增强循环形成了一种肿瘤内免疫循环，能够增加肿瘤对免疫治疗的敏感性，即使是具有低突变负荷的癌症。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

The generation of anti-tumor immunity in the draining lymph nodes is known as the cancer immunity cycle. Accumulating evidence supports the occurrence of such a cycle at tumor sites in the context of chronic inflammation. Here, we review the role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the generation of T and B cell immunities, focusing on the impact of B cells that undergo full maturation, resulting in the generation of plasma cells (PCs) producing high-affinity IgG and IgA antibodies. In this context, we propose that antibodies binding to tumor cells induce macrophage or natural killer (NK)-cell-dependent apoptosis. Subsequently, released antigen-antibody complexes are internalized and processed by dendritic cells (DCs), amplifying antigen presentation to T cells. Immune complexes may also be fixed by follicular DCs (FDCs) in TLS, thereby increasing memory B cell responses. This amplification loop creates an intra-tumoral immunity cycle, capable of increasing sensitivity of tumors to immunotherapy even in cancers with low mutational burden.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.