传染性和炎症性疾病是全球死亡原因之一。随着新冠病毒大流行的到来，这一现状变得更加突出。为了应对这些潜在危机，蛋白质被证明是高效的药物、药物靶点和生物标志物。另一方面，纳米技术的进步促进了高效持续的药物输送，这是由于其纳米尺寸所获得的优势。将这两种策略结合起来，蛋白质纳米平台具备了蛋白质固有优势和纳米制剂的优势，优雅地改变了纳米医学领域。蛋白质可以作为载体、治疗剂、诊断剂和治疗学上的融合蛋白质或与其他有机/无机材料复合体的纳米状物。为了针对临床关注的重大传染性和炎症性疾病，蛋白质基纳米平台得到了广泛研究。当前综述详细地讨论了以蛋白质作为药物载体和纳米治疗剂治疗炎症和传染性因素的蛋白质纳米载体，并特别强调癌症和病毒性疾病。来自不同生物的大量蛋白质有助于合成基于蛋白质的纳米制剂。本研究特别介绍了人类和致病起源的蛋白质，以探讨蛋白质纳米技术领域的药理学优势。此外，本文还全面讨论了与感染-炎症范式相关的蛋白质基纳米制剂的成功临床转化和当前瓶颈。意义陈述：本综述讨论了众多有前途的以蛋白质为基础的纳米载体和纳米治疗剂，重点探讨了人类和致病源的蛋白质纳米颗粒，包括其优势、ADME参数以及蛋白质基纳米治疗干预研发中的当前瓶颈。版权所有 © 2023年美国药学与实验治疗学会。

Infectious and inflammatory diseases are one of the leading causes of death globally. The status quo has become more prominent with the onset of Covid-19 pandemic. In order to combat these potential crises, proteins have been proven as highly efficacious drugs, drug targets and biomarkers. On the other hand, advancements in nanotechnology have aided efficient and sustained drug delivery due to their nano-dimension-acquired advantages. Combining both the strategies together, the protein nanoplatforms are equipped with the advantageous intrinsic properties of proteins as well as nanoformulations, eloquently changing the field of nanomedicine. Proteins can act as carriers, therapeutics, diagnostics and theranostic in their nanoform as fusion proteins or as composites with other organic/inorganic materials. Protein-based nanoplatforms have been extensively explored in order to target the major infectious and inflammatory diseases of clinical concern. The current review comprehensively deliberated proteins as nanocarriers for drugs and nanotherapeutics for inflammatory and infectious agents with special emphasis on cancer and viral diseases. Plethora of proteins from diverse organisms have aided in the synthesis of protein based nanoformulations. The current study specifically presented the proteins of human and pathogenic origin, to dwell upon the field of protein nanotechnology emphasizing on their pharmacological advantages. Further, the successful clinical translation and current bottlenecks of the protein-based nanoformulations associated with infection-inflammation paradigm has also been discussed comprehensively. Significance Statement This review discusses the plethora of promising protein-based nanocarriers and nanotherapeutics explored for infectious and inflammatory ailments with particular emphasis on proteins nanoparticles of human and pathogenic origin with reference to the advantages, ADME parameters and current bottlenecks in development of protein-based nanotherapeutic interventions.Copyright © 2023 American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.