氨基酸是蛋白质合成的基本单位。它们是细胞结构元素和能源来源，对于正常细胞生长、分化和功能发挥必不可少。氨基酸代谢紊乱与一系列病理状况有关，包括代谢性疾病、心血管疾病、免疫性疾病和癌症。在肿瘤的情况下，氨基酸代谢的改变不仅可以作为癌症进展的临床指标，也可以作为治疗策略。因为肿瘤的生长和发展依赖于外源性氨基酸的摄取，越来越多的研究针对肿瘤相关的氨基酸代谢来选择性地杀灭肿瘤细胞。此外，免疫相关研究已经确认，氨基酸代谢调节效应T细胞和调节性T细胞的功能，从而影响免疫细胞的功能。因此，研究与疾病相关的氨基酸代谢并在氨基酸代谢途径中确定靶点，可能对疾病的治疗有帮助。本文主要关注于肿瘤相关疾病中的氨基酸代谢研究，并回顾了与氨基酸代谢相关的代谢性疾病、心血管疾病和免疫相关疾病的研究和临床研究进展，以期为氨基酸代谢的靶向治疗提供理论依据。©2023. 四川大学华西医院.

Amino acids are the building blocks of protein synthesis. They are structural elements and energy sources of cells necessary for normal cell growth, differentiation and function. Amino acid metabolism disorders have been linked with a number of pathological conditions, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases, and cancer. In the case of tumors, alterations in amino acid metabolism can be used not only as clinical indicators of cancer progression but also as therapeutic strategies. Since the growth and development of tumors depend on the intake of foreign amino acids, more and more studies have targeted the metabolism of tumor-related amino acids to selectively kill tumor cells. Furthermore, immune-related studies have confirmed that amino acid metabolism regulates the function of effector T cells and regulatory T cells, affecting the function of immune cells. Therefore, studying amino acid metabolism associated with disease and identifying targets in amino acid metabolic pathways may be helpful for disease treatment. This article mainly focuses on the research of amino acid metabolism in tumor-oriented diseases, and reviews the research and clinical research progress of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases and immune-related diseases related to amino acid metabolism, in order to provide theoretical basis for targeted therapy of amino acid metabolism.© 2023. West China Hospital, Sichuan University.