腰围（WC）、小腿围（CC）和体重指数（BMI）与死亡率存在独立关联。然而，腰小腿围比例（WCR）与死亡率的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查WCR、WC、CC和BMI与老年人全因和病因特异性死亡率之间的关系。在2014年中国长寿健康纵向调查中，纳入了4627名年龄在65岁及以上的参与者，并在随后的2018年进行了随访。利用Cox比例风险模型，根据WCR、WC、CC和BMI估计了全因和病因特异性死亡率的风险比（HR）和95％置信区间（CI）。 在中位随访时间为3.4年的过程中，发生了1671例（36.1％）死亡。与WCR的第二四分位数相比，最高四分位数的死亡风险更高（全因死亡率HR1.42，95%CI 1.24-1.64；心血管疾病HR1.88，95%CI 1.38-2.56；其他死因HR1.37，95%CI 1.15-1.63）。WC的第一和第四四分位数与癌症死亡率的HR分别为2.19（1.00-4.79）和2.69（1.23-5.89）。最高CC四分位数与全因和其他因素导致的死亡风险较低，而最低CC四分位数与全因、心血管疾病和其他因素导致的死亡风险较高，相比之下，第二CC四分位数。此外，最低BMI四分位数与全因和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的风险更高。交互作用分析显示，CC对全因和心血管疾病死亡率的影响在年龄≥80岁的成年人中更为显著（P交互作用＜.05）。 较高的WCR和较低的CC增加了全因、心血管疾病和其他因素导致的死亡风险。较低的BMI与较高的全因和呼吸系统疾病死亡风险相关，而WC仅能预测癌症死亡率。 © 2023年. BioMed Central Ltd. Springer Nature公司的一部分。

Waist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), and body mass index (BMI) have been independently linked to mortality. However, it's not yet clear how the waist-calf circumference ratio (WCR) relates to mortality. This study aims to investigate the relationship between WCR, WC, CC, and BMI with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults.In the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 4627 participants aged 65 years and older were included, and they were subsequently followed up in 2018. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, based on WCR, WC, CC, and BMI.During a median follow-up of 3.4 years, 1671 deaths (36.1%) occurred. Compared to the second quartile of WCR, the highest quartile had a higher risk of mortality from all causes (HR 1.42, 95%CI 1.24-1.64), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.38-2.56), and other causes (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.15-1.63). The first and fourth quartiles of WC had HRs of 2.19 (1.00-4.79) and 2.69 (1.23-5.89), respectively, for cancer mortality. The highest quartile of CC was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and other-cause mortality, whereas the lowest quartile was associated with a higher risk of all-cause, CVD, and other-cause mortality compared to the second CC quartile. Additionally, the lowest quartile of BMI was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and respiratory disease mortality. Interaction analyses showed that the effects of CC on all-cause and CVD mortality were more pronounced in adults aged ≥ 80 years (P-interaction < .05).Higher WCR and lower CC increased the risk of all-cause, CVD, and other-cause mortality. Lower BMI was associated with higher all-cause and respiratory disease mortality risk, while WC only predicted cancer mortality.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.